Abstract
Fatigue damage assessments of M10 bolted joint, made of 42CrMo4 heat treatable steel and strength class 10.9, were carried out for different preload forces and variable amplitude eccentric forces for high reliability. Assessments were done with preload forces of 50, 70 and 90 % of force at bolt yield point and without preload force. The nominal approaches from Eurocode standard and VDI 2230 guidelines are mostly used for fatigue assessment. These nominal approaches cannot consider and describe in detail the local stress state at the thread root, which on bolt M10 have a radius of 217 μm. Threaded joints have several peculiarities that complicate the fatigue damage assessments. Range of dispersion was used to describe material cyclic scatter band with Gaussian normal distribution in logarithmic scales. Range of dispersion for notched structure of 42CrMo4 steel was taken from measurements. In order to take multiaxial stress field in thread root with high notch effect, multiaxial fatigue stress criterion based on a critical plane theory was applied for fatigue damage assessment. Critical plane approach is used for estimation of the fatigue damage and fatigue fracture plane position. Decrease of fatigue strength beyond the S-N curve knee point at 2 × 106 cycles was considered for the damage calculation. The main difficulties encountered in threaded joint fatigue damage assessment are due to the uncertainties and therefore, statistics and probability were applied. Assessments were carried out for 50, 97.5, 99, 99.9, 99.99, 99.999, 99.9999, 99.99999 and 99.999999 % survival probability.
Keywords
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Schijve J (2003) Fatigue of structures and materials in the 20th century and the state of the art. Int J Fatigue 25:679–702
Schijve J (2014) The significance of fatigue crack initiation for predictions of the fatigue limit of specimens and structures. Int J Fatigue 61:39–45
Esaklul KA, Ahmed TM (2009) Prevention of failures of high strength fasteners in use in offshore and subsea applications. Eng Fail Anal 16:1195–1202
Sungkon H (2003) Fatigue analysis of drillstring threaded connections. In: Proceedings of the thirteenth international offshore and polar engineering conference Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, May 25–30, pp 202–208
Shahani AR, Sharifi SMH (2009) Contact stress analysis and calculation of stress concentration factors at the tool joint of a drill pipe. Mater Des 30:3615–3621
Ferjani M, Averbuch D, Constantinescu A (2011) A computational approach for the fatigue design of threaded connections. Int J Fatigue 33:610–623
Hill TH (1992) A unified approach to drillstem failure prevention. SPE Drill Eng 7:254–260
Tafreshi A, Dover WD (1993) Stress analysis of drillstring threaded connections using the finite element method. Int J Fatigue 15:429–438
Bertini L, Beghini M, Santus C, Baryshnikov A (2008) Resonant test rigs for fatigue full scale testing of oil drill string connections. Int J Fatigue 30:978–988
Ciavarella M, Meneghetti G (2004) On fatigue limit in the presence of notches: classical vs. recent unified formulations. Int J Fatigue 26:289–298
Susmel L, Taylor D (2003) Two methods for predicting the multiaxial fatigue limits of sharp notches. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 26:821–833
Naik RA, Lanning DB, Nicholas T, Kallmeyer AR (2005) A critical plane gradient approach for the prediction of notched HCF life. Int J Fatigue 27:481–492
Hofmann F, Bertolino G, Constantinescu A, Ferjani M (2007) A multiscale discussion of fatigue and shakedown for notched structures. Theor Appl Fract Mech 48:140–151
Hofmann F, Bertolino G, Constantinescu A, Ferjani M (2009) A discussion at the mesoscopic scale of the stress-gradient effects in high cycle fatigue based on the Dang Van criterion. J Mech Mater Struct 4:293–308
Fares Y, Chaussumier M, Daidie A, Guillot J (2006) Determining the life cycle of bolts using a local approach and the Dang Van criterion. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 29:588–596
McEvily AJ (1990) Atlas of stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue curves. ASM International, Materials Park, OH
Bickford JH (1990) An introduction to the design and behavior of bolted joints, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY
ASME/ANSI B16, Standards of pipes and fittings
API Spec 6A (2004) Specification for wellhead and christmas tree equipment. American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC
Review of Repairs to Offshore Structures and Pipelines,1994. Publication 94/102, Marine Technology Directorate, UK
Cho SS, Chang H, Lee KW (2009) Dependence of fatigue limit of high-tension bolts on mean stress and ultimate tensile strength. Int J Automot Technol 10:475–479
Johnston TL, Karaikovic EE, Lautenschlager EP, Marcu D (2006) Cervical pedicle screws vs. lateral mass screws: uniplanar fatigue analysis and residual pullout strengths. Spine J 6:667–672
Brasiliense LBC, Lazaro BCR, Reyes PM, Newcomb AGUS, Turner JL, Crandall DG, Crawford NR (2013) Characteristics of immediate and fatigue strength of a dual-threaded pedicle screw in cadaveric spines. Spine J 13:947–956
Novoselac S, Ergić T, Kozak D, Sertić J, Pacak M (2013) Influence of dental implant screw preload force on high-cycle fatigue. In: Karšaj I, Jarak T, Stubica D (eds) Proceedings of 5th Croatian society of mechanics, Croatia, 6–7 June, pp 137–142 (in Croatian)
Novoselac S, Ergić T, Kozak D, Baškarić T (2014) Structural durability of dental implants. In: Jelenić G, Gaćeša M (eds) Proceedings of 6th Croatian society of mechanics, Rijeka, Croatia, 29–30 May, pp 251–256 (in Croatian)
Eurocode No. 3 (1993) Design of steel constructions, Part 1. Beuth-Verlag, Berlin
Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (2003) VDI 2230 Guidelines
Schneider R, Wuttke U, Berger C (2010) Fatigue analysis of threaded connections using the local strain approach. Proc Eng 2:2357–2366
Dixon DL, Breeding LC, Sadler JP, McKay ML (1995) Comparison of screw loosening, rotation, and deflection among three implant designs. J Prosthet Dent 74:270–278
Patterson EA, Kenny B (1986) A modification to the theory for the load distribution in conventional nuts and bolts. J Strain Anal Eng Des 21:17–23
Sopwith DG (1948) The distribution of load in screw threads. Inst Mech Eng Proc 159:373–383
D’Eramo M, Cappa P (1991) An experimental validation of load distribution in screw threads. Exp Mech 31:70–75
Kenny B, Patterson E (1985) Load and stress distribution in screw threads. Exp Mech 25:208–213
Wang W, Marshek KM (1996) Determination of load distribution in a threaded connector with yielding threads. Mech Mach Theory 31:229–244
Croccolo D, Agostinis M, Vincenzi N (2012) A contribution to the selection and calculation of screws in high duty bolted joints. Int J Press Vessels Pip 96–97:38–48
Griza S, da Silva MEG, dos Santos SV, Pizzio E, Strohaecker TR (2013) The effect of bolt length in the fatigue strength of M24x3 bolt studs. Eng Fail Anal 34:397–406
Patterson EA (1990) A comparative study of methods for estimating bolt fatigue limits. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 13:59–81
Liao R, Sun Y, Liu J, Zhang W (2011) Applicability of damage models for failure analysis of threaded bolts. Eng Fract Mech 78:514–524
Susmel L, Tovo R (2011) Estimating fatigue damage under variable amplitude multiaxial fatigue loading. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 34:1053–1077
Łagoda T, Macha E (1994) Estimated and experimental fatigue lives of 30CrNiMo8 steel under in-and out-of-phase combined bending and torsion with variable amplitude. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 11:1307–1318
Morel F (2000) A critical plane approach for life prediction of high cycle fatigue under multiaxial variable amplitude loading. Int J Fatigue 22:101–119
Carpinteri A, Spagnoli A, Vantadori S (2003) A multiaxial fatigue criterion for random loading. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 26:515–522
Łagoda T, Ogonowski P (2005) Criteria of multiaxial random fatigue based on stress, strain and energy parameters of damage in the critical plane. Mat-wiss u Werkstofftech 36:429–437
Marciniak Z, Rozumek D, Macha E (2008) Fatigue lives of 18G2A and 10HNAP steels under variable amplitude and random non-proportional bending with torsion. Int J Fatigue 30:800–813
Matake T (1977) An explanation on fatigue limit under combined stress. Bull JSME 20:257–263
McDiarmid DL (1994) A shear stress based critical-plane criterion of multiaxial fatigue failure for design and life prediction. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 17:1475–1484
Susmel L, Lazzarin P (2002) A bi-parametric modified Wöhler curve for high cycle multiaxial fatigue assessment. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 25:63–78
Susmel L, Petrone N (2003) Multiaxial fatigue life estimations for 6082-T6 cylindrical specimens under in-phase and out-of-phase biaxial loadings. In: Carpinteri A, de Freitas M, Spagnoli A (eds) Biaxial and multiaxial fatigue and fracture. Elsevier and ESIS, Oxford, pp 83–104
Lazzarin P, Susmel L (2003) A stress-based method to predict lifetime under multiaxial fatigue loadings. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 26:1171–1187
Forsyth PJE (1961) A two stage process of fatigue crack growth. In: McDowell DL (eds) Proceedings of the crack propagation symposium, Cranfield, pp 76–94
Jahed H, Varvani-Farahani A (2006) Upper and lower fatigue life limits model using energy-based fatigue properties. Int J Fatigue 28:467–473
Zhang G (2012) Method of effective stress for fatigue: part I—a general theory. Int J Fatigue 37:17–23
Novoselac S, Kozak D, Ergić T, Šimić I (2014) Influence of stress gradients on bolted joint fatigue behaviour under different preloads and cyclic loads ratio. Struct Integrity Life 14:3–16
Chen JJ, Shih YS (1999) A study of the helical effect on the thread connection by three dimensional finite element analysis. Nucl Eng Des 191:109–116
Haibach E (2006) Betriebsfestigkeit: Verfahren und Daten zur Bauteilberechnung, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin
Wiegand H, Kloos KH, Thomala W (2007) Schraubenverbindungen: Grundlagen, Berechnung, Eigenschaften, Handhabung, 5th edn. Springer, Berlin
Forschungskuratorium Maschinenbau (FKM) (2003) Analytical strength assessment of components in mechanical engineering, 5th edn. VDMA Verlag GmbH
ECS Steyr. FemFat 4.7 (2007) Theory manual. St. Valentin
Pyttel B, Schwerdt D, Berger C (2011) Very high cycle fatigue—is there a fatigue limit? Int J Fatigue 33:49–58
Karolczuk A, Macha E (2004) Critical and fracture plane orientations under multiaxial cyclic and random loading. Arch Mech Eng 51:415–435
Karolczuk A, Macha E (2005) Critical planes in multiaxial fatigue of materials, monograph. Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Mechanik/Bruchmechanik, reihe 18, nr. 298. Dusseldorf, VDI Verlag, p 204
Karolczuk A, Macha E (2005) Critical planes in multiaxial fatigue. Mater Sci Forum 482:109–114
Karolczuk A, Macha E (2005) A review of critical plane orientations in multiaxial fatigue failure criteria of metallic materials. Int J Fract 134:267–304
Karolczuk A, Macha E (2008) Selection of the critical plane orientation in two parameter multiaxial fatigue failure criterion under combined bending and torsion. Eng Fract Mech 75:389–403
Macha E, Niesłony A (2012) Critical plane fatigue life models of materials and structures under multiaxial stationary random loading: the state-of-the-art in Opole Research Centre CESTI and directions of future activities. Int J Fatigue 39:95–102
Bedkowski W, Macha E (1987) Maximum normal stress fatigue criterion applied to Random Triaxial Stress State. Theor Appl Fract Mech 7:89–107
ECS Steyr. FemFat 4.8 (2007) MAX Manual. St. Valentin
Bathias C (1999) There is no infinite fatigue life in metallic materials. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 22:559–565
Eurocode No. 9 (1998) Design of aluminium structures, part 2. Beuth-Verlag, Berlin
Sonsino CM (2007) Course of SN-curve especially in the high-cycle fatigue regime with regard to component design and safety. Int J Fatigue 29:2246–2258
Dowling N (1972) Fatigue failure predictions for complicated stress–strain histories. J Mater 7:71–78
Endo T (1974) Damage evaluation of metals for random or varying loading—three aspects of the rainflow method. Proceedings of the symposium on mechanical behaviour of materials. Society of Materials Science, Japan, pp 372–380
Standard Practice for Cycle Counting in Fatigue Analysis (1990) ASTM Standard E 1049-1090. American Society for Testing and Materials
Haibach E, Matschke C (1981) Normierte Wöhlerlinien für ungekerbte und gekerbte Formelemente aus Baustahl. Stahl Eisen 101:21–27
Amstutz H, Olivier R (2011) Fatigue strength of shear loaded welded joints according to the notch stress concept. Mat-wiss u Werkstofftech 42:254–262
Sonsino CM (2009) Effect of residual stresses on the fatigue behaviour of welded joints depending on loading conditions and weld geometry. Int J Fatigue 31:88–101
Eibl M, Sonsino CM (2001) Stand der Technik zur Schwingfestigkeitsberechnung von laserstrahl-geschweißten Dünnblechen aus Stahl. Report 668. DVM, Berlin, pp 155–71
Eibl M, Sonsino CM, Kaufmann H, Zhang G (2003) Fatigue assessment of laser welded thin sheet aluminium. Int J Fatigue 25:719–731
Majzoobi GH, Farrahi GH, Habibi N (2005) Experimental evaluation of the effect of thread pitch on fatigue life of bolts. Int J Fatigue 27:189–196
Berger C, Pyttel B, Trossmann T (2006) Very high cycle fatigue tests with smooth and notched specimens and screws made of light metal alloys. Int J Fatigue 28:1640–1646
Horn NJ, Stephens RI (2006) Influence of cold rolling threads before or after heat treatment on high strength bolts for different fatigue preload conditions. J ASTM Int 3:95–115
Knez M, Glodež S, Kramberger J (2009) Fatigue assessment of piston rod threaded end. Eng Fail Anal 16:1977–1982
Macdonald KA, Deans WF (1995) Stress analysis of drillstring threaded connections using the finite element method. Eng Fail Anal 2:1–30
Knight MJ, Brennan FP, Dover WD (2003) Effect of residual stress on ACFM crack measurements in drill collar threaded connections. NDT&E Int 37:337–343
Hück M, Thrainer L, Schütz W (1981) Berechnung von Wöhler-Linien für Bauteile aus Stahl, Stahlguß und Grauguß, synthetische Wöhler-Linien. VDEh-Bericht ABF 11
Hobbacher A (2009) Recommendations for fatigue design of welded joints and components, Doc. IIW-1823-07 (ex-doc. XIII-2151r4-07/XV-1254r4-07), WRC Bulletin 520, Welding Research Council, Inc., New York
Sonsino CM (2009) A consideration of allowable equivalent stresses for fatigue design of welded joints according to the notch stress concept with the reference radii rref = 1.00 and 0.05 mm. Weld World 53:64–75
Sonsino CM (1994) Über den Einfluss von Eigenspannungen, Nahtgeometrie und mehrachsigen Spannungszuständen auf die Betriebsfestigkeit geschweißter Konstruktionen aus Baustählen. Mat-wiss u Werkstofftech 25:97–109
Ritter W (1994) Kenngrßen der Wöhlerlinien für Schweißverbindungen aus Stählen. Inst. für Stahlbau und Werkstoffmechanik der TU DarmstadtHeft 53, Dissertation TU Darmstadt
Schaumann P, Marten F (2009) Fatigue resistance of high strength bolts with large diameters. In: Proceedings of the international symposium for steel structures ISSS, 12.-13.03., Seoul, South Korea, pp 1–8
DNV-RP-C203 (2011) Fatigue Design of Offshore Steel Structures. Det Norske Veritas AS
BS EN 13445-3:2009 (2009) Unfired pressure vessels. BSI
KTA-Geschaeftsstelle c/o BfS, Germany (2014)
Svensson T (1997) Prediction uncertainties at variable amplitude fatigue. Int J Fatigue 19:295–302
Tovo R (2001) On the fatigue reliability evaluation of structural components under service loading. Int J Fatigue 23:587–598
Echard B, Gayton N, Bignonnet A (2013) A reliability analysis method for fatigue design. Int J Fatigue 59:292–300
Schijve J (1994) Fatigue predictions and scatter. Fatigue Fract Eng Mater Struct 17:381–396
Sonsino CM (2007) Fatigue testing under variable amplitude loading. Int J Fatigue 29:1080–1089
DNV (1996) Guideline for offshore structural reliability analysis. Det Norske Veritas, Report no. 95-3204
DNV-OS-C101 (2011) Design of offshore steel structures, general (LRFD method). Det Norske Veritas
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Novoselac, S., Kozak, D., Ergić, T., Damjanović, D. (2017). Fatigue Damage Assessment of Bolted Joint Under Different Preload Forces and Variable Amplitude Eccentric Forces for High Reliability. In: Pluvinage, G., Milovic, L. (eds) Fracture at all Scales. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32634-4_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32634-4_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-32633-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-32634-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)