Landform Dynamics and Evolution in Romania pp 249-269 | Cite as
The Systematic of Landslide Processes in the Conditions of Romania’s Relief
- 540 Downloads
Abstract
Landslides are extremely active slope-shaping processes. Their broad spectrum of processes and forms, alongside different types of displaced material is conditioned by a wide range of predisposing, preparing, and triggering factors. There are numerous attempts to classify them homogeneously, but quite often, the heterogeneity of the phenomenon imposes different criteria, depending on regions or scientific schools and approaches. Criteria like morphology and morphogenesis always found a common usage; meanwhile others like age or morphodynamic behavior are still debated. In Romania, the wide range of processes and forms, as well as the potential consequences inflicted to the socio-economic environment is well reflected within an extended geomorphologic literature, dealing with both fundamental and applied considerations. If for a long period of time, landslide systematic in Romanian geomorphology was predominantly descriptive, during the last two decades, one faces an almost completely shifted approach, changing from fundamental aspects to predictive studies, in the form of susceptibility, hazard, and risk. Through an in-depth review of the most important outcomes of the last 100 years’ literature in the field of landslide systematic, several milestones might be set up. The relationship between geomorphology and other geonomic sciences, as well as the connections between national and international literature are discussed in terms of common or uncommon criteria of classification. A concise description of the main types of landslides (according to modern literature) throughout Romania is given in terms of synthetic regional descriptions.
Keywords
Landslides Romania ClassificationReferences
- Almagia R (1910) Studi geografici sulle frani in Italia. Rome, Mem. Soc. geogr. Italiana 13(1):1–342Google Scholar
- Armaş I, Damian R, Şandric I, Osaci–Costache G (2003) Vulnerabilitatea versanţilor la alunecări de teren în sectorul subcarpatic al Văii Prahova. Editura Fundaţiei România de Mâine, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Badea L (1972) Observaţii asupra unor alunecari de teren din bazinul Buzăului. Probl. geogr., V, BucureştiGoogle Scholar
- Bally RJ, Stănescu P (1977) Alunecări de teren. Prevenire şi combatere. Edit. Ceres, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Băcăinţan N (1983) Mesurages sur le creep dans certains sols des montagnes de Baraolt, RRGGG-Geogr 27Google Scholar
- Băcăuanu V (1977) Processus et formes actuelles de relief dans le Plateau Moldave. An. Şt. Univ. “Al.I.Cuza” Iaşi, sec. II-c, tom XIIGoogle Scholar
- Bălteanu D (1970) Morfodinamica porniturilor de teren pe Valea Apostului (Munţii Buzăului). SCGGG-Geogr., XVII(2) (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D (1971) Preliminary observations on present-day slope modeling processes in the perimeter of Pătârlagele research station, Geogr. Jud. Buzău, Bucharest, 71–79Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D (1974) Relaţii între curgerile de noroi şi eroziune torenţială în modelarea versanţilor din Subcarpaţii Buzăului. SCGGG-Geogr., XXI(1) (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D (1976) Some investigations on the present-day mass movements in the Buzău Subcarpathians. RRGGG-Geogr 20:53–61Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D (1979) Procese de modelare a versanţilor declanşate de cutremurul din 4 martie 1977 în Carpaţii şi Subcarpaţii Buzăului. SCGGG-Geogr, XXVI (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D (1983) Experimentul de teren în geomorfologie. Edit. Academiei Române, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D (1992) Natural Hazards in Romania. RRG, 36Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D, Mateescu F (1975) Harta proceselor actuale de modelare a reliefului. In: Atlas, Republica Socialistă România, Edit. Academiei, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D, Cioacă A (1997) Mass movements in the Vrancea seismogenic region. Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, ser. Geographia, XLII, 1–2:83–86Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D, Micu M (2012) Morphodynamics of the Chirleşti mudflow (Buzău Mountains). Rom J Geogr 56(2)Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D, Dinu M, Cioaca A (1989) Hărțile de risc geomorphologic. SCGGG-Geogr XXXV (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D, Cioacă A, Dinu M, Sandu M (1996) Some case studies of geomorphological risk in the Curvature Carpathians and Subcarpathians. RRG, 40Google Scholar
- Bălteanu D, Jurchescu M, Surdeanu V, Ioniță I, Goran C, Urdea P, Rădoane M, Rădoane N, Sima M (2012) Recent landform evolution in the Romanian Carpathians and pericarpathian region. In Loczy D et al. (eds) Recent landform evolution: the Carpatho-Balkan-Dinaric region. Springer Geography, Berlin, pp 249–286Google Scholar
- Cazacu GB, Draghici G (2011) Identificarea şi determinarea hazardelor naturale – alunecarea de la Seimeni. Revista Română de inginerie civilă, 2 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Cioacă A (1967) Alunecările de teren de la Baia Verde (Slănic) şi morfodinamica lor. SCGGG- Geografie, 2, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Cioacă A (1996) Landslides in the Carpathian Curvature Paleogene Flysch. Particularities. Geogr.Fis.e Dinam. Quatern., 19Google Scholar
- Cioacă A, Dinu M (1998) Landslides triggered by precipitation in the Subcarpthians, in November 1996–March 1998 interval. Simpozionul Geomofologic Româno-Italian, Oradea, pp 68–75Google Scholar
- Coteţ P (1969) Geomorfologie cu elemente de geologie. Edit. Didactică şi Pedagogică, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Cruden DM, Fell R (1997) Landslide risk assessment. AA Balkema, Rotterdam BrookfieldGoogle Scholar
- Cruden DM, Varnes DJ (1996) Landslide types and processes. In: Turner AK, Schuster RL (eds) Landslides: investigation and mitigation. National Academey Press, Washington, DC, pp 36–75Google Scholar
- Dikau R, Brunsden D, Schrott L, Ibsen ML (eds) (1996) Landslide recognition. Identification, movement and causes. Wiley, ChichesterGoogle Scholar
- Dinu M (1997) The relationship between landslides and slope evolution in the Vâlcea Subcarpathians, Rumania. Geografia Fisica e Dinamica Quaternaria, 19, Torino, p 227–232Google Scholar
- Dinu M, Cioacă A (1997) Precipitation-induced landslides in the Moldavian Plateau (1996–1997). RRG, 41, BucureştiGoogle Scholar
- Donisă I (1968) Geomorfologia Văii Bistriţei. Edit. Academiei RSR, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Dragomirescu S, Gâştescu P (1960) The forming of Betis lake through a natural dam. Probl. Geogr., VIII p 275–281Google Scholar
- Dragoş V (1957) Deplasările de teren. Edit. Ştiinţifică, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Gârbacea V (1992) Harta glimeelor din Câmpia Transilvaniei. SUBB-G 37(1–2):21–24 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Gârbacea V (1997) Remarques sur le relief de “glimee” en Roumanie. Geografia Fisica e Dinamica Quaternaria 19:219–221Google Scholar
- Gârbacea V, Grecu F (1983) Relieful de tip glimee din Podişul Transilvaniei şi potenţialul său economic. Mem. Secţ. Şt. Acad. Română, IV(2/1982):305–312 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Gârbacea V (2013) Relieful de glimee. Edit. Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Grecu F (1982) Consideraţii asupra glimeelor din bazinul hidrografic Hârtibaciu. BSSGR, VI:185–188 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Grecu F (1983) Alunecările de teren de la Movile (Podişul Hârtibaciului). ONMI, XXVII(2):112–117 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Grecu F (1985) Clasificări şi tipuri de alunecări din depresiunea Transilvaniei. Terra 3:15–17 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Grecu F (1992) Bazinul Hârtibaciului. Elemente de morfohidrografie. Edit. Academiei, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Grigore M, Ielenicz M (1972) Cartografierea porniturilor. BSSG, II:235–242Google Scholar
- Hantz D, Vengeon JM, Dussauge-Peisser C (2003) An historical, geomechanical and probabilistic approach to rock-fall hazard assessment. Nat Hazards and Earth Syst Sci 3:693–701CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hencher SR (1987) The implications of joints and structures for slope stability. In: Anderson MG, Richards KS (eds) Slope stability. Wiley, New YorkGoogle Scholar
- Hungr O, Laroueil S, Picarelli L (2013) The Varnes classification of landslide types, an update. Landslides 11(2):167–194CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hutchinson JN (1988) General Report: Morphological and geotechnical parameters of landslides in relation to geology and hydrogeology. In: Bonnard C (ed) Proceedings of fifth international symposium on landslides, Rotterdam, Balkema, pp 3–35Google Scholar
- Ichim I (1972) Le role des processus de mouvement de masse dans le modelage des monts du flysch (Carpathes Orientales). Acta geographica Debrecina, t. X:209–223Google Scholar
- Ichim I, Lupaşcu Gh (1975) Degradările de teren din regiunea subcarpatică cuprinsă între valea Nechit şi valea lui Ion, cu privire specială asupra raporturilor dintre alunecări şi unele procese pedogenetice. Lucrările colocviului naţional de geomorfologie aplicată şi cartografiere geomorfologică, 26-28 octombrie 1973, Iaşi (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Ielenicz M (1970) Zonele cu alunecări de teren din ţara noastră. Terra 2(1):31–40 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Ielenicz M (1981) Procese actuale în Carpaţii de Curbură. Terra, 4 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Ielenicz M (1984) Munţii Ciucaş-Buzău. Studiu geomorfologic. Edit. Academiei RSR, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Ilinca V (2010) Valea Lotrului. Studiu de geomorfolgie aplicată. PhD Thesis, University of Bucharest (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Josan N, Grecu F (1981) Contribution a la connaissance des processus de versant du Plateau du Hârtibaciu (Depression de Transylvanie). RRGGG-Geogr., t.25:255–260Google Scholar
- Josan N, Petrea R, Petrea D (1996) Geomorfologie generală. Edit. Univ. Din Oradea (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Lee EM, Jones DKC (2004) Landslide risk assessment. Thomas Telford, LondonCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Loghin V, Păunescu E (2002) Tipizarea, clasificarea şi caracterizarea alunecărilor de teren din Subcarpaţii dintre Dâmboviţa şi Prahova în vederea alcătuirii unei baze de date. AUB, Vol. LI (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Macovei G, Botez G, (1923) Comunicare asupra fenomeneor de alunecări şi prăbuşiri de teren din judeţul Râmnicul Sărat. D.S. ale Inst. Geol. Român (1914–1915), Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Mamulea M (1975) O propunere de clasificare a porniturilor de teren. SCGGG, Geografie, vol. 20 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Martiniuc C, Băcăuanu V (1961) Porniturile de teren şi modul cum pot fi prevenite sau stabilizate. Natura, XIII:25–35 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Mândrescu N (1981) The Romanian earthquake of March 4, 1977: aspects of soil behavior. Rev. Roum. Geophysique, 25, Edit. Acad RomGoogle Scholar
- Mândrescu N (1982) The Romanian earthquake of March 4, 1977: damage distribution. Rev. Roum. Geophysique, 26–27, Edit. Acad RomGoogle Scholar
- McCalpin JP (1984) Prelminary age classification of landslides for inventory mpping. Selected Works. Utah State UniversityGoogle Scholar
- Micu M, Bălteanu D, Ionescu C, Havenith HB, Radulian M, van Westen C, Damen M, Jurchescu M (2015) A preliminary regional assessment of earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility for Vrancea Seismic Region. Geophys Res Abstr 17(EGU2015-12524):2015Google Scholar
- Mihăilescu V (1927) Despre frane şi alte forme rezultate prin activitatea agenţilor externi – o sugestie. Bul. S.R.R. geogr., 1927 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Mihăilescu V (1939) Porniturile de teren din regiune Nehoiaş. BSRRG, LVIII (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Morariu T, Gârbacea V (1968) Deplacements massifs de terrain de type glimee en Roumanie. RRGGG, XII:13–18Google Scholar
- Morariu T, Tufescu V (1964) Problemes de geomorphologie appliquee en Roumanie. RRGGG, VIII:213–218Google Scholar
- Morariu T, Diaconeasa B, Gârbacea V (1964) Age of land-slidings in the Transylvanian Tableland. RRGGG, VIII:149–157Google Scholar
- Mrazec L (1923) Cauza alunecărilor de strate. Dări de seamă, Institutul Geologic, tom VI (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Munteanu-Murgoci G (1923) Propuneri de terminologie pentru alunecări şi curgeri de teren. Dări de seamă, Institutul Geologic, tom VI (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Popescu N, Popescu G (1978) Contribuţii la studiul alunecărilor de teren din Subcarpații de la Curbură. SCGGG, Geografie, tom XXV (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Posea G (1969) Glissments, meandres et voies de communications dans la valle de Buzău. Travaux du symposium international de geomorphologie appliquee, Bucarest, 1967Google Scholar
- Posea G (1972) Alunecarea de la Nehoiu-Borcea. AUB, Geogr, XXIGoogle Scholar
- Posea G (2002) Geomorfologia României. Edit. Fundaţiei România de Mâine, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Posea G, Ielenicz M (1970) Alunecările de teren de pe Valea Buzăului. AUB, Geogr., XIX (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Posea G, Ielenicz M (1976) Types de glissements dans les Carpates de la Courbure. RRGGG, XX:63–72Google Scholar
- Posea G, Popescu N (1976) Les glissements masifs dans les piemonts pericarpatiques. RRGGG, XX:45–52Google Scholar
- Posea G, Vespremeanu E (1985) Unele experimente asupra alunecărilor mari din România. Cercet. Geomorf. pentru îmbunătățiri funciare, București (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Radu C, Spânoche E (1977) On geological phenomena associated with the 10 November 1940 earthquake. Revue Roumaine de Geologie, Geophysique et Geographie. – Geophysique, 21:159–165Google Scholar
- Rădoane M, Rădoane N, Ichim I (1995) Folosirea metodei cubului matricial în evaluarea susceptibilităţii la alunecări de teren. Studiu de caz: judeţul Neamţ. Studii si cercetări de geografie, 40:111–118 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Rădoane N (1995) Posibilităţi de abordare a procesului de creep. Studii caz din zona văii Bistriţei Moldoveneşti. Analele Universităţii “Ştefan cel Mare”, Suceava (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Rădulescu NA (1959a) Distribuţia alunecărilor de teren în România. Probl. De Geogr., VI, 21Google Scholar
- Rădulescu NA (1959b) The distribution of landslides in Romania. Probl. De Geogr., VIGoogle Scholar
- Sandu M (1998) Culoarul depresionar Sibiu-Apold. Studiu geomorfologic. Edit. Academiei Române, Bucureşti (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Sârcu I (1962) Rolul alunecărilor şi prăbuşirilor de mase de roci în formarea munţilor cristalini ai Rodnei. AUAIC, VIII (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Sharpe CFS (1938) Landslides and related phenomena. Columbia University Press, New YorkGoogle Scholar
- Surdeanu V. (1975) Consideraţii asupra alunecărilor de teren din Valea Bistriţei în sectorul Bicaz-Piatra Neamţ. Lucr. Stat. Stejarul, Pângăraţi (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Surdeanu V (1976) Le glissement de terrain de Ticos. Anuar. Muz. St. Nat, III, Piatra-NeamţGoogle Scholar
- Surdeanu V (1985) Consideraţii asupra inventarierii alunecărilor de teren în vederea întocmirii hărţilor de risc. Lucr. Semin. D. Cantemir, 5, Iaşi (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Surdeanu V (1992) Corelations between landslides and other denudation processes. SUBB, XXXVII, pp 1–2Google Scholar
- Surdeanu V (1998) Geografia terenurilor degradate, Editura Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca (in Romanian) Google Scholar
- Surdeanu V, Rădoane N (1976) Relation entre les plans de mouvement et les indices physiques des depots de versant dans la zone du lac Izvorul Muntelui. Anuar. Muz. St. Nat, III, Piatra-NeamţGoogle Scholar
- Surdeanu V, Pop O, Chiaburu M, Dulgheru M, Anghel T (2010) La dendrogéomorphologie appliquée a l’étude des processus géomorphologiques des zones minières dans le Massif du Călimani (Carpates Orientales, Roumanie). In: Surdeanu V, Stoffel M, Pop O (eds) Dendrogéomorphologie et dendroclimatologie – méthodes de reconstitution des milieux géomorphologiques et climatiques des régions montagneuses. Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca, pp 107–124Google Scholar
- Tufescu V (1964) Typologie des glissements de Roumanie RRGGG-Geogr., VIII Tufescu V (1968) Coulees boueuses dans les Carpates dy Flysch et les Subcarpathes de Roumanie. RRGGG, XII:19–25Google Scholar
- Varnes DJ (1978) Slope movement types and processes. In: Schuster RL, Krizek RJ (eds) Special report 176: landslides: analysis and control. Transportation and Road Research Board, National Academy of Science, Washington, DC, pp 11–33Google Scholar
- Vasile M, Pleşoianu A, Vespremeanu-Store A (2015) Distribuţia şi morfometria pereţilor stâncoşi din Carpaţii Româneşti. Influenţa caracteristicilor litologice şi a dezagregării. Simpozionul Naţional de Geomorfologie, Sf. Gheorghe, 21–24 May 2015 (in Romanian)Google Scholar
- Zaruba Q, Mencl V (1969) Landslides and their control. Elsevier, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar