Skip to main content

Loving Nature: The Emotional Dimensions of Ecological Peacebuilding

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Addressing Global Environmental Challenges from a Peace Ecology Perspective

Part of the book series: The Anthropocene: Politik—Economics—Society—Science ((APESS,volume 4))

  • 716 Accesses

Abstract

While the mainstream environmental discourse seems to have taken a technocratic turn during recent years and promotes shallow ecological solutions which often fail to address underlying emotions as drivers for structural and cultural violence, there is also plenty of evidence of emerging research that offers a broader, more holistic perspective and puts the emotional/affective component—some call it love of nature—at its centre. This essay explores how the experience of ‘loving nature’ has been conceptualized in some of the literature pertaining to cultural ecology so far and how these experiences translate (or do not translate) into different daily practices that are conducive to ecological peacebuilding and ultimately a ‘happy planet’. Drawing on the work of anthropologist Kay Milton, one of the core questions becomes: is it a mere coincidence who is actively engaged and concerned with the well-being of nature and who might be more or less indifferent to the current ecological degradation? Loving (or at least respecting) nature and acting accordingly appears to be a prerequisite for love between humans at this point in time. The current global ecological degradation reminds us that focusing on human-human aspects of love alone tends to neglect the simple fact that we are destroying what gives us life—while being proud of our loving behavior towards other human beings. This essay highlights why it might be important to broaden current anthropocentric models of love and shift to an ecological model of loving, how practices of resistance and complicity are embedded in an emotional field, why some sort of value coordinate system for ‘sustainable loves’ might be needed in the global north and the importance of embodiment/embodied emotions for our capacity to experience love or feel cut off from love.

Dr. Katharina Bitzker, Mauro Centre for Peace and Justice, University of Manitoba, Canada; Email: katharina.bitzker@hotmail.de. I would like to thank Prof. Derek Johnson, Dept. of Anthropology at the University of Manitoba, for the many helpful comments and discussions regarding this essay. Moreover, I thank Terry Mitchell for always keeping a protective eye on my stream-like writing style.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abdallah, Saamah; Michaelson, Juliet; Shah, Sagar; Stoll, Laura; Marks, Nic, 2012: “The Happy Planet Index”, in: New Economics Foundation, Report 2012. Last modified June 2012; at: http://www.happyplanetindex.org/assets/happy-planet-index-report.pdf.

  • Adorno, Theodor W., 1997: Aesthetic Theory (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anielski, Mark, 2007: The Economics of Happiness: Building Genuine Wealth (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bateson, Gregory, 2000: Steps to an Ecology of Mind: Collected Essays in Anthropology, Psychiatry, Evolution and Epistemology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bateson, Gregory; Bateson, Mary Catherine, 1987: Angels Fear: Towards an Epistemology of the Sacred (New York: Macmillan).

    Google Scholar 

  • Berglund, Eeva, 2006: “Ecopolitics Through Ethnography: The Cultures of Finland’s Forest-Nature”, in: Biersack, Aletta; Greenberg, James B. (Eds.): Reimagining Political Ecology (Durham and London: Duke University Press): 97–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biersack, Aletta; Greenberg, James B. (Eds.), 2006: Reimagining Political Ecology (Durham–London: Duke University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Capra, Fritjof, 1982: The Turning Point. Science, Society and the Rising Culture (Toronto: Bantam Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Capra, Fritjof, 2002: The Hidden Connections: Integrating the Biological, Cognitive and Social Dimensions of Life into a Science of Sustainability (New York: Anchor Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cervinka, Renate; Röderer, Kathrin; Hefler, Elisabeth, 2012: “Are Nature Lovers Happy? On Various Indicators of Well-Being and Connectedness With Nature”, in: Journal of Health Psychology, 17,3: 379–388.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charlton, Noel G., 2008: Understanding Gregory Bateson: Mind, Beauty and the Sacred Earth (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Denskus, Tobias, 2007: “Peacebuilding Does not Build Peace”, in: Development in Practice, 17,4/5: 656–662.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drengson, Alan; Inoue, Yuichi, (Eds.), 1995: The Deep Ecology Movement: An Introductory Anthology (Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Escobar, Arturo, 1999: “After Nature: Steps to an Antiessentialist Political Ecology”, in: Current Anthropology, 40,1: 1–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Escobar, Arturo, 2011: “Sustainability: Design for the Pluriverse”, in: Development, 54,2: 137–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fredrickson, Barbara, 2013: Love 2.0.: How Our Supreme Emotion Affects Everything We Feel, Think, Do and Become (New York, NY: Hudson Street Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fromm, Erich, 1973: The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness (New York: Picador).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, Warwick, 1995: Toward a Transpersonal Ecology: Developing New Foundations for Environmentalism (New York: State University of New York Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gullone, Eleonora, 2000: “The Biophilia Hypothesis and Life in the 21st Century: Increasing Mental Health or Increasing Pathology?”, in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 1: 293–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedlund-de Witt, Annick, 2012: “Exploring Worldviews and Their Relationships to Sustainable Lifestyles: Towards a New Conceptual and Methodological Approach”, in: Ecological Economics, 84: 74–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinds, Joe; Sparks, Paul, 2008: “Engaging with the Natural Environment: The Role of Affective Connection and Identity”, in: Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28: 109–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins, Rob, 2008: The Transition Handbook: From Oil Dependency to Local Resilience (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing Company).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins, Rob, 2011: The Transition Companion: Making Your Community More Resilient in Uncertain Times (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing Company).

    Google Scholar 

  • Howell, Andrew J.; Dopko, Raelyne L.; Passmore, Holli-Anne; Buro, Karen, 2011: “Nature Connectedness: Associations with Well-Being and Mindfulness”, in: Personality and Individual Differences, 51: 166–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ingold, Tim, 2011: Being Alive: Essays on Movement, Knowledge and Description (London–New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jónasdóttir, Anna G.; Ferguson, Ann (Eds.), 2014: Love: A Question for Feminism in the Twenty-First Century (New York–London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kellert, Stephen R.; Wilson, Edward O. (Eds.), 1993: The Biophilia Hypothesis (Washington DC: Island Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Latour, Bruno, 2004: “Why Has Critique Run Out of Steam? From Matters of Fact to Matters of Concern”, in: Critical Inquiry, 30,2: online edition.

    Google Scholar 

  • Macy, Joanna; Brown, Molly Young, 1998: Coming Back to Life: Practices to Reconnect Our Lives, Our World (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers).

    Google Scholar 

  • Macy, Joanna, 2007: World as Lover, World as Self: Courage for Global Justice and Ecological Renewal (Berkeley, CA: Parallax Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Maslow, Abraham H., 1966: The Psychology of Science: A Reconnaissance (New York–London: Harper & Row Publishers).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathews, Freya, 2002: “Letting the World Grow Old: An Ethos of Countermodernity”, in: Schmidtz, David; Willott, Elizabeth (Eds.): Environmental Ethics: What Really Matters, What Really Works (Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Maturana, Humberto Romesin; Verden-Zöller, Gerda, 2008: The Origin of Humanness in the Biology of Love (Exeter: Imprint Academic).

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows, Donella; Randers, Jorgen; Meadows, Dennis, 2004: Limits to Growth—The 30 Year Update (Chelsea: Green Publishing Company).

    Google Scholar 

  • Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 1964: The Primacy of Perception (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mickey, Sam; Carfore, Kimberly, 2012: “Planetary Love: Ecofeminist Perspectives on Globalization”, in: World Futures: The Journal of Global Education, 68,2: 122–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milton, Kay, 2002: Loving Nature: Towards an Ecology of Emotion (London–New York: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Montagu, Ashley, (Ed.), 1953: The Meaning of Love (New York: The Julian Press Inc.).

    Google Scholar 

  • Naess, Arne, 1989: Ecology, Community and Lifestyle: Outline of an Ecosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholsen, Shierry Weber, 2002: The Love of Nature and the End of the World: The Unspoken Dimensions of Environmental Concern (Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Odent, Michel, 2001: The Scientification of Love, 2nd edn (London: Free Association Books).

    Google Scholar 

  • Orr, David W., 1993: “Love It or Lose It: The Coming Biophilia Revolution”, in: Kellert, Stephen R.; Wilson, Edward O. (Eds.): The Biophilia Hypothesis (Washington DC: Island Press): 415–440.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pálsson, Gisli, 2006: “Nature and Society in the Age of Postmodernity”, in: Biersack, Aletta; Greenberg, James B. (Eds.): Reimagining Political Ecology (Durham–London: Duke University Press): 70–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pease, Bob, 2012: “Interrogating Privileged Subjectivities: Reflections on Writing Personal Accounts of Privilege”, in: Livholts, Mona (Ed.): Emergent Writing Methodologies in Feminist Studies (New York & London: Routledge).

    Google Scholar 

  • Perkins, Helen E., 2010: “Measuring Love and Care for Nature”, in: Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30: 455–463.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pyle, Robert Michel, 2003: “Nature Matrix: Reconnecting People and Nature”, in: Oryx, 37,2: 206–214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reich, Wilhelm, 1950: Character Analysis, 4th edn (London: Nevill Vision).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, Wolfgang, (Ed.), 2010: The Development Dictionary: A Guide to Knowledge as Power, 2nd edn (London: Zed Books Ltd).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tonkin, Elizabeth, 2005: “Being There: Emotion and Imagination in Anthropologists’ Encounters”, in: Milton, Kay; Svasek, Maruska (Eds.): Mixed Emotions: Anthropological Studies of Feelings (Oxford: Berg Publishers): 55–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turnbull, Colin M., 1978: “The Politics of Non-aggression”, in: Montagu, Ashely (Ed.): Learning Non-aggression. The Experiences of Non-literate Societies (Oxford: University Press): 161– 221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wackernagel, Mathis; Rees, William. E., 1996: Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegmann, Regula, 2012: “Loving Nature” Nature’s Way: Exploring Radical Participation with Nature Through the Metaphor of Complex, Dynamic Self-systems”, in: World Futures: The Journal of Global Education, 68,2: 82–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, Edward O., 1984: Biophilia: The Human Bond with Other Species (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press).

    Google Scholar 

Other Literature

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katharina Bitzker .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bitzker, K. (2016). Loving Nature: The Emotional Dimensions of Ecological Peacebuilding. In: Brauch, H., Oswald Spring, Ú., Bennett, J., Serrano Oswald, S. (eds) Addressing Global Environmental Challenges from a Peace Ecology Perspective. The Anthropocene: Politik—Economics—Society—Science, vol 4. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30990-3_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics