Abstract
In this chapter, the multiuser diversity scheduling, as a well-known effective RF technique, is extended to the point-to-multipoint Free-Space Optics (FSO) networks where the data transmission experiences the atmospheric-induced turbulence fading. In particular, the limitations on adapting this method to FSO systems along with their solutions are discussed and addressed. Average throughput and latency performances of different scheduling protocols including Round-Robin, Opportunistic Round-Robin, Select-Max, and best user selection are investigated and compared.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
The intensity scintillation index or the normalized variance of intensity fluctuations is one of the major parameters in analyzing the effect of the atmospheric turbulence-induced fading on the emitted beam.
- 2.
In the RRS scheme, all users are served in a round-robin fashion and through assigning the same time allocation regardless of the channel gain between the central node and each user.
References
Abouei, J., Plataniotis, K.N.: Multiuser diversity scheduling in free-space optical communications. J. Lightwave Technol. 30(9), 1351–1358 (2012)
Abou-Rjeily, C., Haddad, S.: Cooperative FSO systems: Performance analysis and optimal power allocation. J. Lightwave Technol. 29(7), 1058–1065 (2011)
Arnon, S.: Effects of atmospheric turbulence and building sway on optical wireless-communication systems. Opt. Lett. 28(2), 129–131 (2003)
Bayaki, E., Schober, R., Mallik, R.: Performance analysis of MIMO free-space optical systems in gamma-gamma fading. IEEE Trans. Commun. 57(11), 3415–3424 (2009)
Bell, A.G.: On the production and reproduction of sound by light. Am. J. Sci. 20(118), 305–324 (1880)
Borah, D.K., Voelz, D.G.: Pointing error effects on free-space optical communication links in the presence of atmospheric turbulence. J. Lightwave Technol. 27(18), 3965–3973 (2009)
Chatzidiamantis, N.D., Lioumpas, A.S., Karagiannidis, G.K., Arnon, S.: Adaptive subcarrier PSK intensity modulation in free space optical systems. IEEE Trans. Commun 59(5), 1368–1377 (2011)
Cvijetic, N., Wilson, S.G., Pearce, M.B.: Performance bounds for free-space optical MIMO systems with APD receivers in atmospheric turbulence. IEEE J. Sel. Area. Commun. 26(3), 3–12 (2008)
Djordjevic, I.B.: Adaptive modulation and coding for free-space optical channels. J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 2(5), 221–229 (2010)
Eghbal, M., Abouei, J.: Security enhancement in free-space optics using acousto-optic deflectors. IEEE/OSA J Opt Commun Netw 6(8), 684–694 (2014)
Eslami, A., Vangala, S., Pishro-Nik, H.: Hybrid channel codes for efficient FSO/RF communication systems. IEEE Trans. Commun. 58(10), 2926–2938 (2010)
Gagliardi, R.M., Karp, S.: Optical Communications. Wiley, New York (1995)
Gebhart, M., Leitgeb, E., Bregenzer, J.: Atmospheric effects on optical wireless links. In: Proceedings of IEEE ConTel, 2, pp. 395–401 (2003)
Gesbert, D., Alouini, M.-S.: How much feedback is multi-user diversity really worth? In: IEEE International Conference on Communications, 1, pp. 234–238 (2004)
Haas, S. M. (2003). Capacity of and coding for multiple-aperture, wireless, optical communications. Ph.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Kedar, D., Arnon, S.: Urban optical wireless communication networks: the main challenges and possible solutions. IEEE Commun. Mag. 42(5), 2–7 (2004)
Kiasaleh, K.: Performance of APD-based, PPM free-space optical communication systems in atmospheric turbulence. IEEE Trans. Commun. 53(9), 1455–1461 (2005)
Knopp, R., Humblet, P.A.: Information capacity and power control in single-cell multiuser communications. In: Proceedings of IEEE ICC, (pp. 331–335). Seattle, WA (1995)
Lee, E., Chan, V.: Part 1: optical communication over the clear turbulent atmospheric channel using diversity. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 22(9), 1896–1906 (2004)
Letzepis, N., Holland, I., Cowley, W.: The Gaussian free space optical MIMO channel with Q-ary pulse position modulation. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 7(5), 1744–1753 (2008)
Niu, M., Cheng, J., Holzman, J.F.: Error rate analysis of M-ary coherent free-space optical communication systems with K-distributed turbulence. IEEE Trans. Commun. 59(3), 664–668 (2011)
Photophone.: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photophone (2015)
Puri, P., Garg, P., Aggarwal, M., Sharma, P. K.: Multiple user pair scheduling in bi-directional single relay assisted FSO systems. In: Proceedings of IEEE ICC, (pp. 3401–3405). Sydney, NSW
Selvarajan, A., Kar, S., Srinivas, T.: Optical Fiber Communication: Principles and Systems. Tata McGraw-Hill Education (2003)
Strickland, B., Lavan, M., Woodbridge, E., Chan, V.: Effects of fog on the bit-error rate of a free-space laser communication system. Appl. Opt. 38(3), 424–431 (1999)
Stuart, B., George, B., McIntyre, P.: Modern Infrared Spectroscopy. Wiley (1998)
Sunay, M.O., Eksim, A.: Wireless multicast with multi-user diversity. In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, 3, pp. 1584–1588 (2004)
Viswanath, P., Tse, D.N., Laroia, R.: Opportunistic beamforming using dumb antennas. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 48(6), 1277–1294 (2002)
Wilson, S.G., Pearce, M.B., Cao, Q., Leveque III, J.H.: Free space optical MIMO with Q-ary PPM. IEEE Trans. Commun. 53(8), 1402–1412 (2005)
Yang, L., Gao, X., Alouini, M.-S.: Performance analysis of free-space optical communication systems with multiuser diversity over atmospheric turbulence channels. IEEE Photon. J. 6(2), 1–17 (2014)
Yang, L., Gao, X., Alouini, M.-S.: Performance analysis of relay-assisted all-optical FSO networks over strong atmospheric turbulence channels with pointing errors. J. Lightwave Technol. 32(23), 4011–4018 (2014)
Zhu, X., Kahn, M.: Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels. IEEE Trans. Commun. 50(8), 1293–1300 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Abouei, J., Hosseini, S.S., Plataniotis, K.N. (2016). Multiuser Diversity Scheduling: A New Perspective on the Future Development of FSO Communications. In: Uysal, M., Capsoni, C., Ghassemlooy, Z., Boucouvalas, A., Udvary, E. (eds) Optical Wireless Communications. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30201-0_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30201-0_24
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-30200-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-30201-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)