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Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell on Carbon Supported Pt Based Nanocatalysts

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Nanomaterials for Fuel Cell Catalysis

Part of the book series: Nanostructure Science and Technology ((NST))

Abstract

Ethanol is a molecule of considerable interest because of its potential renewable use in fuel cells without reforming. Therefore, bifunctional electrocatalysts were proposed to decrease the precious noble metal content in the catalyst composition and to promote the conversion of this fuel, leading to the preparation of Pt-based materials containing oxophilic co-catalysts such as tin, osmium, iridium and ruthenium. They allow the ethanol oxidation to occur at low potentials, and also remove CO-like adsorbed species from the electrode surface. The knowledge of the mechanism is important to propose new materials and design that are able to promote the cleavage of the C-C bond in large extent. This chapter discusses the performances obtained in a single direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) using various Pt-based anode nanomaterials for oxidizing ethanol in acidic environment. It shows the recent progress in catalyst preparation, particularly the thermal decomposition and microwave heating methods. The activity of the electrocatalysts is discussed by examining their capability of converting ethanol to different reaction products. Great attention is paid to the identification of the reaction intermediate species and those in the bulk by using in situ infrared spectroscopy and other analytical techniques. Performance in a DEFC is a direct measurement between the anodic and cathodic potentials which depends on the ethanol oxidation occurring at low overpotentials and also on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at higher ones. Determination of the kinetic parameters for the ORR and quantitative detection of hydrogen peroxide formation with rotating ring disk electrode technique are herein proposed as an overview of the electrode kinetics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro—Campus Iturama, Iturama, 382800-000, MG, Brazil

    T. S. Almeida

  2. Université de Poitiers, IC2MP UMR CNRS 7285, “Equipe SAMCat”, 4 rue Michel Brunet B27, TSA 51106, Poitiers Cedex 09, 86073, France

    N. E. Sahin, T. W. Napporn & K. B. Kokoh

  3. Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-901, SP, Brazil

    P. Olivi & A. R. de Andrade

  4. Instituto de Quimica de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, 13560-970, SP, Brazil

    G. Tremiliosi-Filho

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  1. T. S. Almeida
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  3. P. Olivi
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  4. T. W. Napporn
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  7. K. B. Kokoh
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  1. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa

    Kenneth I. Ozoemena

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, SANTA CRUZ, California, USA

    Shaowei Chen

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Almeida, T.S. et al. (2016). Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell on Carbon Supported Pt Based Nanocatalysts. In: Ozoemena, K., Chen, S. (eds) Nanomaterials for Fuel Cell Catalysis. Nanostructure Science and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29930-3_11

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