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Cartilage pp 1–22Cite as

Cartilage Proteoglycans

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Abstract

Proteoglycans are key components of the cartilage extracellular matrix and essential for normal tissue function. The core protein and the glycosaminoglycan chains both contribute to function and provide different properties of the individual proteoglycans. This review is focused on the two main families of cartilage proteoglycans.

The first of these is the lectican family, including aggrecan, versican, and the cartilage link protein. The aggregating proteoglycan network formed by aggrecan, link protein, and hyaluronan provides biomechanical properties that give the tissue its ability to withstand and distribute load.

The second group discussed is the small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan family, which includes decorin, biglycan, asporin, fibromodulin, lumican, keratocan, osteoadherin, proline-/arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein, epiphycan, mimecan, opticin, chondroadherin, and chondroadherin-like. These proteoglycans bind collagens and are important regulators of cartilage extracellular matrix assembly. In addition, some of these proteoglycans bind and regulate growth factors and their receptors and regulate innate immunity through interactions with Toll-like receptors or the complement system.

This review will give an overview of the structure and function of the different aggregating proteoglycans and small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans in normal cartilage extracellular matrix.

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  1. Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, BMC-C12, Lund, 22184, Sweden

    Anders Aspberg Ph.D.

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  1. Orthopäd.KlinikUniversitätsklinikum.Rege, Orthopäd.KlinikfürdieUniversität.Regen., Regensburg, Germany

    Susanne Grässel

  2. Dept.ofGen.,Trauma&ReconstructionSurgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany

    Attila Aszódi

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Aspberg, A. (2016). Cartilage Proteoglycans. In: Grässel, S., Aszódi, A. (eds) Cartilage. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29568-8_1

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