Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Applications of Calorimetry on Polymer Nanocomposites

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Polymer Nanocomposites

  • 2607 Accesses

Abstract

In this chapter, the application of two commonly used calorimetries, i.e., differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC), will be introduced. DSC is mainly used to study the melting and crystallization behaviors of polymers/polymer nanocomposites. Here, the nanofiller-dependent melting and crystallization behaviors will be emphasized. MCC is employed to evaluate the flammability of polymeric materials and their polymer matrix nanocomposites. The heat release-related parameters are of great significance for determining the fire risks for flammable polymers and will be used to interpret the mechanism for the flammability reduction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. (a) Lyon RE, Walters R, Stoliarov S (2007) Screening flame retardants for plastics using microscale combustion calorimetry. Polym Eng Sci 47(10):1501–1510; (b) Lyon RE, Walters RN (2004) Pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry. J Anal Appl Pyrolysis 71(1):27–46; (c) Lyon R, Walters R, Stoliarov S (2007) Thermal analysis of flammability. J Therm Anal Calorim 89(2):441–448

    Google Scholar 

  2. Yang CQ, He Q, Lyon RE, Hu Y (2010) Investigation of the flammability of different textile fabrics using micro-scale combustion calorimetry. Polym Degrad Stab 95(2):108–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. He Q, Yuan T, Wei S, Guo Z (2013) Catalytic and synergistic effects on thermal stability and combustion behavior of polypropylene: influence of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene stabilized cobalt nanoparticles. J Mater Chem A 1(42):13064–13075

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Höhne G, Hemminger W, Flammersheim H-J (2003) Differential scanning calorimetry. Springer Science & Business Media, Berlin - Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  5. (a) He Q, Yuan T, Zhu J, Luo Z, Haldolaarachchige N, Sun L, Khasanov A, Li Y, Young DP, Wei S (2012) Magnetic high density polyethylene nanocomposites reinforced with in-situ synthesized Fe@ FeO core-shell nanoparticles. Polymer 53(16):3642–3652; (b) He Q, Yuan T, Zhang X, Luo Z, Haldolaarachchige N, Sun L, Young DP, Wei S, Guo Z (2013) Magnetically soft and hard polypropylene/cobalt nanocomposites: role of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene. Macromolecules 46(6):2357–2368

    Google Scholar 

  6. (a) Carlson ED, Krejchi MT, Shah CD, Terakawa T, Waymouth RM, Fuller GG (1998) Rheological and thermal properties of elastomeric polypropylene. Macromolecules 31(16):5343–5351; (b) Rozanski A, Galeski A, Debowska M (2011) Initiation of cavitation of polypropylene during tensile drawing. Macromolecules 44:20–28

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wunderlich B, Czornyj G (1977) A study of equilibrium melting of polyethylene. Macromolecules 10(5):906–913

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. He Q, Yuan T, Yan X, Ding D, Wang Q, Luo Z, Shen TD, Wei S, Cao D, Guo Z (2014) Flame-retardant polypropylene/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites: effects of surface functionalization and surfactant molecular weight. Macromol Chem Phys 215(4):327–340

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Zhu J, Wei S, Li Y, Sun L, Haldolaarachchige N, Young DP, Southworth C, Khasanov A, Luo Z, Guo Z (2011) Surfactant-free synthesized magnetic polypropylene nanocomposites: rheological, electrical, magnetic, and thermal properties. Macromolecules 44:4382–4391

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Purohit PJ, Huacuja-Sánchez JE, Wang DY, Emmerling F, Thünemann A, Heinrich G, Schönhals A (2011) Structure–property relationships of nanocomposites based on polypropylene and layered double hydroxides. Macromolecules 44(11):4342–4354

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. (a) Yang BX, Pramoda KP, Xu GQ, Goh SH (2007) Mechanical reinforcement of polyethylene using polyethylene-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Adv Funct Mater 17(13):2062–2069; (b) Xu D, Wang Z (2008) Role of multi-wall carbon nanotube network in composites to crystallization of isotactic polypropylene matrix. Polymer 49(1):330–338

    Google Scholar 

  12. (a) Fornes T, Paul D (2003) Crystallization behavior of nylon 6 nanocomposites. Polymer 44(14):3945–3961; (b) Homminga D, Goderis B, Dolbnya I, Reynaers H, Groeninckx G (2005) Crystallization behavior of polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Part I. Intercalated poly (ethylene oxide)/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polymer 46(25):11359–11365

    Google Scholar 

  13. (a) Trujillo M, Arnal M, Müller A, Laredo E, St. Bredeau, Bonduel D, Dubois P (2007) Thermal and morphological characterization of nanocomposites prepared by in-situ polymerization of high-density polyethylene on carbon nanotubes. Macromolecules 40(17):6268–6276; (b) Koval’chuk AA, Shchegolikhin AN, Shevchenko VG, Nedorezova PM, Klyamkina AN, Aladyshev AM (2008) Synthesis and properties of polypropylene/multiwall carbon nanotube composites. Macromolecules 41(9):3149–3156

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lei C, Chen D, Wu B, Xu Y, Li S, Huang W (2011) Melt-grafting mechanism study of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene with 1-decene as the second monomer. J Appl Polym Sci 121(6):3724–3732

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Babrauskas V, Peacock RD (1992) Heat release rate: the single most important variable in fire hazard. Fire Saf J 18(3):255–272

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Wang X, Song L, Yang H, Xing W, Lu H, Hu Y (2012) Cobalt oxide/graphene composite for highly efficient CO oxidation and its application in reducing the fire hazards of aliphatic polyesters. J Mater Chem 22(8):3426–3431

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. (a) Yang H, Yang CQ, He Q (2009) The bonding of a hydroxy-functional organophosphorus oligomer to nylon fabric using the formaldehyde derivatives of urea and melamine as the bonding agents. Polym Degrad Stab 94(6):1023–1031; (b) He Q, Lu H, Song L, Hu Y, Chen L (2009). Flammability and thermal properties of a novel intumescent flame retardant polypropylene. J Fire Sci 27(4):303–321; (c) Nie S, Hu Y, Song L, He Q, Yang D, Chen H (2008) Synergistic effect between a char forming agent (CFA) and microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate on the thermal and flame retardant properties of polypropylene. Polym Adv Technol 19(8):1077–1083

    Google Scholar 

  18. (a) He Q, Song L, Hu Y, Zhou S (2009) Synergistic effects of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and oligomeric bisphenyl A bis(diphenyl phosphate)(BDP) on thermal and flame retardant properties of polycarbonate. J Mater Sci 44(5):1308–1316; (b) Zhang W, Li X, Guo X, Yang R (2010) Mechanical and thermal properties and flame retardancy of phosphorus-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (DOPO-POSS)/polycarbonate composites. Polym Degrad Stab 95(12):2541–2546

    Google Scholar 

  19. Beyler C, Hirschler M (1995) Thermal decomposition of polymers, chapter 7. In: SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering. National Fire Protection Association, and Society of Fire Protection Engineers, Boston, Massachusetts, pp 110–131

    Google Scholar 

  20. Singh B, Sharma N (2008) Mechanistic implications of plastic degradation. Polym Degrad Stab 93(3):561–584

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

This work is financially supported by start-up fund from University of Tennessee. S. Wei acknowledges the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (ACS PRF# 53930-ND6) for partial support of this research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    Qingliang He, Xingru Yan, Jiang Guo & John Zhanhu Guo

  2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, 77710, USA

    Xi Zhang, Huige Wei, Dawei Jiang & Suying Wei

  3. Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, 77710, USA

    Xin Wei, Daowei Ding, Suying Wei & Evan K. Wujcik

  4. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    John Zhanhu Guo

Authors
  1. Qingliang He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xingru Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jiang Guo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xi Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Huige Wei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Dawei Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xin Wei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Daowei Ding
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Suying Wei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Evan K. Wujcik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. John Zhanhu Guo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John Zhanhu Guo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical In, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Xingyi Huang

  2. Department of Physics and Materials Scie, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

    Chunyi Zhi

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

He, Q. et al. (2016). Applications of Calorimetry on Polymer Nanocomposites. In: Huang, X., Zhi, C. (eds) Polymer Nanocomposites. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28238-1_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation