Abstract
Two proto-oncogenes from the Cyclin protein family that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle are described in this chapter. Cyclin D1 gene or CCND1 is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and becomes most abundant in the G1 phase in the lead up to DNA replication. The activity of the cyclin D in normal cell physiology contributes to controlled and healthy progression of the cell cycle. Cyclin E1 or CCNE1 is a positive regulator of CDK2 that regulates cell progression from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. Cyclin E1 is necessary for positive regulation of the cell cycle. Abnormalities with expression of CCNE1 have been suggested as a prognostic tool in some malignancies. Growth promotion is closely regulated and under abnormal circumstances cell growth and sustained division in the absence of the initial induction signal can arise; this proliferation may be due to an oncogene. CCND1 plays several roles in the progression of cancer via its potential contribution to uncontrolled proliferation through its involvement in cell cycle regulation and the promotion of the process of Angiogenesis via its involvement in the regulation of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). Understanding the role of Cyclins and their subsequent role in cell division and e angiogenesis associated with malignancies allows for the development of targeted therapy and advances in future medicinal treatment options.
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Salajegheh, A. (2016). Cyclin D1 and E1. In: Angiogenesis in Health, Disease and Malignancy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28140-7_7
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