Abstract
General anaesthesia (GA) is a medical procedure which aims to achieve analgesia, amnesia, immobility and skeletal muscle relaxation. Although GA is commonly used in medical care for patients undergoing surgery, its precise underlying mechanisms and the molecular action of anaesthetic agents (AA) remain to be elucidated. A wide variety of drugs are used in modern anaesthetic practice and it has been observed that for many AAs, during the transition from consciousness to unconsciousness, the electroencephalogram shows biphasic effects in amplitude: an initial increase of the spectral power followed by a decrease at higher concentrations. Moreover during the administration of propofol, specific changes in EEG rhythms can be observed. The aim of this work is the extended discussion of a recent model by Hindriks and van Putten [8] that reproduces specific changes in EEG rhythms by the study of a neuronal population model of a single thalamocortical module. We illustrate specific features of the model, such as the physiological assumptions, the derivation of the power spectral density and the impact of the propofol concentration and of the stationary state. We show that the propofol-induced modification of the stationary state plays an important role in the understanding of the observed EEG.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alkire, M., Hudetz, A., Tononi, G.: Consciousness and anesthesia. Science 322, 876–880 (2008)
Kuizenga, K., Wierda, J., Kalkman, C.: Biphasiceegchanges inrelation to loss of consciousness during induction with thiopental, propofol, etomidate, midazolam or sevoflurane. Br. J. Anaesth. 86, 354–360 (2001)
Cimenser, A., Purdon, P.L., Pierce, E.T., Walsh, J.L., Salazar-Gomez, A.F., Harrell, P.G., et al.: Tracking brain states under general anesthesia by using global coherence analysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108, 8832–8837 (2011)
Murphy, M., Bruno, M.A., Riedner, B.A., Boveroux, P., Noirhomme, Q., Landsness, E.C., et al.: Propofol anesthesia and sleep: a high-density EEG study. Sleep 34, 283–291 (2011)
Ching, S., Cimenser, A., Purdon, P.L., Brown, E.N., Kopell, N.J.: Thalamocortical model for a propofol-induced rhythm associated with loss of consciousness. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107, 22665–22670 (2010)
Bojak, I., Liley, D.: Modeling the effects of anesthesia on the electroencephalogram. Phys. Rev. E 71, 041902 (2005)
Steyn-Ross, M., Steyn-Ross, D., Sleigh, J.W., Liley, D.T.J.: Theoretical electroencephalogram stationary spectrum for a white-noise-drivenvcortex: evidence for ageneral anesthetic-induced phase transition. Phys. Rev. E 60, 7299–7311 (1999)
Hindriks, R., van Putten, M.J.A.M.: Mean-field modeling of propofol-induced changes in spontaneous EEG rhythms. Neuroimage 60, 2323–2344 (2012)
Hutt, A., Longtin, A.: Effects of the anesthetic agent propofol on neural populations. Cogn. Neurodyn. 4, 37–59 (2009)
Liley, D., Cadusch, P.J., Wright, J.J.: A continuum theory of electrocortical activity. Neurocomputing 26–27, 795–800 (1999)
Wilson, H.R., Cowan, J.D.: A mathematical theory of the functional dynamics of cortical and thalamic nervous tissue. Kybernetik 13, 55–80 (1973)
Amari, S.: Dynamics of pattern formation in lateral inhibition type neural fields. Biol. Cybern. 27, 77–87 (1977)
Rennie, C.J., Robinson, P.A., Wright, J.J.: Unified neurophysical model of EEG spectra and evoked potentials. Biol. Cybern. 86, 457–471 (2002)
Victor, J.D., Drover, J.D., Conte, M.M., Schiff, N.D.: Mean-field modeling of thalamocortical dynamics and a model-driven approach to EEG analysis. PNAS 118, 15631–15638 (2011)
Kitamura, A., Marszalec, W., Yeh, J., Narahashi, T.: Effects of halothane and propofol on excita tory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in rat cortical neurons. J. Pharmacol. 304, 162–171 (2002)
Hutt, A.: The anesthetic propofol shifts the frequency of maximum spectral power in EEG during general anesthesia: analytical insights from a linear model. Front. Comput. Neurosci. 7, 2 (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hashemi, M., Hutt, A. (2016). A Thalamacortical Feedback Model to Explain EEG During Anesthesia. In: Wunner, G., Pelster, A. (eds) Selforganization in Complex Systems: The Past, Present, and Future of Synergetics. Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27635-9_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27635-9_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-27633-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-27635-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)