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Facing Shortage or Excessive Light: How Tropical and Subtropical Trees Adjust Their Photosynthetic Behavior and Life History Traits to a Dynamic Forest Environment

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Tropical Tree Physiology

Part of the book series: Tree Physiology ((TREE,volume 6))

Abstract

Light is critical for plant establishment, growth, and survival in wet tropical forests. The objective of this chapter is to analyze paradigms of photosynthetic performance and life history traits of tropical forest trees to contrasting light environments across the forest floor, gaps and upper canopy. Physiological and morphological plasticity as well as genetically fixed adaptive traits are analyzed, including leaf optical properties and photoprotection from high irradiance. Photosynthetic adaptations to contrasting light environments of closely related species are discussed. This approach has the advantage among comparative studies of adaptations across species in that genetic relationships among species are known. Species-specific variations in maximum photosynthetic rates, which reflect the degree of adaptation to growth irradiance, are shown to be gradual, suggesting that classification into two distinct functional groups in terms of light requirements is somewhat arbitrary. Trees growing in gaps or in the upper canopy rely strongly on biochemical mechanisms to dissipate excess energy and to avoid damage to the light reaction centers and photosystems. Consistent with their high photosynthetic capacity, light demanding species are capable of plastic changes in hydraulic architecture , such as increases in hydraulic conductivity under high irradiance, which makes them more competitive in open habitats.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional, Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, Instituto IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Guillermo Goldstein

  2. Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA

    Guillermo Goldstein

  3. Department of Botany & Plant Sciences, University of California, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    Louis S. Santiago

  4. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado Postal, 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama

    Louis S. Santiago

  5. Laboratorio de Ecología Forestal y Ecofisiología, Instituto de Biología Subtropical, CONICET, FCF, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Argentina

    Paula I. Campanello & Mariana Villagra

  6. Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica

    Gerardo Avalos

  7. The School for Field Studies, Center for Sustainable Development Studies, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 534-G, Beverly, MA, 01915-6239, USA

    Gerardo Avalos

  8. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA

    Yong-Jiang Zhang

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  1. Guillermo Goldstein
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  2. Louis S. Santiago
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  3. Paula I. Campanello
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  4. Gerardo Avalos
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  5. Yong-Jiang Zhang
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  6. Mariana Villagra
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Correspondence to Guillermo Goldstein .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA

    Guillermo Goldstein

  2. Department of Botany & Plant sciences, University of California, RIVERSIDE, California, USA

    Louis S. Santiago

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Goldstein, G., Santiago, L.S., Campanello, P.I., Avalos, G., Zhang, YJ., Villagra, M. (2016). Facing Shortage or Excessive Light: How Tropical and Subtropical Trees Adjust Their Photosynthetic Behavior and Life History Traits to a Dynamic Forest Environment. In: Goldstein, G., Santiago, L. (eds) Tropical Tree Physiology. Tree Physiology, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_15

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