Abstract
Ubiquitous Computing and the Internet of Things are two paradigms which have gained a lot of popularity lately. They are based on a multitude of low power devices which usually communicate through wireless connections. To avoid security and reliability problems, efficient cryptographic algorithms must be used for authentication, key exchange and message encryption. Due to the wide range of such algorithms and their characteristics, some ciphers are more suitable for implementation on certain platforms than others. In this paper we propose solutions for the implementation and evaluation of block ciphers on 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers. We focus on widely used algorithms such as AES (the tinyAES implementation), as well as others which are suitable for embedded platforms, such as the Simon and Speck family of block ciphers. The conclusions of this paper are drawn based on the performance and energy efficiency of each algorithm.
Keywords
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lee, H., Lee, K., Shin, Y.: AES implementation and performance evaluation on 8-bit microcontrollers, arXiv preprint (2009). arXiv:0911.0482
Abowd, G.D., Mynatt, E.D.: Charting past, present, and future research in ubiquitous computing. ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (TOCHI) 7(1), 29–58 (2000)
Buttyan, L., Hubaux, J.-P.: Security and cooperation in wireless networks. In: Thwarting Malicious and Selfish Behavior in the Age of Ubiquitous Computing. Cambridge University Press (2007)
Blumenthal, U., Maino, F., McCloghrie, K.: The advanced encryption standard (AES) cipher algorithm in the SNMP user-based security model. Internet proposed standard RFC 3826 (2004)
Hamalainen, P., Alho, T., Hannikainen, M., Hamalainen, T.D.: Design and implementation of low-area and low-power AES encryption hardware core. In: 9th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design: Architectures, Methods and Tools, DSD 2006, pp. 577–583. IEEE (2006)
Passow, P., Stoll, N., Junginger, S., Thurow, K.: A wireless sensor node for long-term monitoring in life science applications. In: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC 2013), pp. 898–901. IEEE (2013)
Moon, D., Hwang, K., Lee, W.I., Lee, S.-J., Lim, J.-I.: Impossible differential cryptanalysis of reduced round XTEA and TEA. In: Daemen, J., Rijmen, V. (eds.) FSE 2002. LNCS, vol. 2365, pp. 49–60. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Dalmisli, K.V., Ors, B.: Design of new tiny circuits for AES encryption algorithm. In: 3rd International Conference on Signals, Circuits and Systems (SCS 2009), pp. 1–5. IEEE (2009)
Beaulieu, R., Shors, D., Smith, J., Treatman-Clark, S., Weeks, B., Wingers, L.: The SIMON and SPECK Families of Lightweight Block Ciphers. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2013, p. 404 (2013)
Beaulieu, R., Douglas S., Smith, J., Treatman-Clark, S., Weeks, B., Wingers, L.: The SIMON and SPECK Block Ciphers on AVR 8-bit Microcontrollers (2015)
Kaps, J.-P.: Chai-tea, cryptographic hardware implementations of xTEA. In: Chowdhury, D.R., Rijmen, V., Das, A. (eds.) INDOCRYPT 2008. LNCS, vol. 5365, pp. 363–375. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Shirai, T., Shibutani, K., Akishita, T., Moriai, S., Iwata, T.: The 128-bit blockcipher CLEFIA (extended abstract). In: Biryukov, A. (ed.) FSE 2007. LNCS, vol. 4593, pp. 181–195. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Pramstaller, N., Mangard, S., Dominikus, S., Wolkerstorfer, J.: Efficient AES implementations on ASICs and FPGAs. In: Dobbertin, H., Rijmen, V., Sowa, A. (eds.) AES 2005. LNCS, vol. 3373, pp. 98–112. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Wu, W., Zhang, L.: LBlock: a lightweight block cipher. In: Lopez, J., Tsudik, G. (eds.) ACNS 2011. LNCS, vol. 6715, pp. 327–344. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Bogdanov, A.: Analysis and design of block cipher constructions. Europischer Univ.-Verlag (2010)
Feldhofer, M., Wolkerstorfer, J., Rijmen, V.: AES implementation on a grain of sand. IEEE Proc. Inf. Sec. 152(1), 13–20 (2005)
Knudsen, L.R.: Practically secure Feistel ciphers. In: Anderson, R. (ed.) FSE 1993. LNCS, vol. 809, pp. 211–221. Springer, Heidelberg (1994)
Murphy, S.: The power of NISTs statistical testing of AES candidates. Preprint, 17 January 2000
Soto, J.: Randomness testing of the AES candidate algorithms. In: NIST (1999). csrc.nist.gov
Kumar, S., Paar, C., Pelzl, J., Pfeiffer, G., Schimmler, M.: Breaking ciphers with COPACOBANA – a cost-optimized parallel code breaker. In: Goubin, L., Matsui, M. (eds.) CHES 2006. LNCS, vol. 4249, pp. 101–118. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Gneysu, T., Pfeiffer, G., Paar, C., Schimmler, M.: Three years of evolution: cryptanalysis with COPACOBANA. In: Workshop Record of SHARCS (2009)
Acknowledgment
The work has been funded by the “Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources Development 2007–2013 of the Ministry of European Funds” through the Financial Agreements POSDRU/159/1.5/S/134398 and POSDRU 187/ 1.5/S/155420.
This research presented is also supported by the project clueFarm: Information system based on cloud services accessible through mobile devices, to increase product quality and business development farms - PN-II-PT-PCCA-2013-4-0870.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Barahtian, O., Cuciuc, M., Petcana, L., Leordeanu, C., Cristea, V. (2015). Evaluation of Lightweight Block Ciphers for Embedded Systems. In: Bica, I., Naccache, D., Simion, E. (eds) Innovative Security Solutions for Information Technology and Communications. SECITC 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9522. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27179-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27179-8_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-27178-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-27179-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)