Abstract
This chapter examines how an understanding of the mathematics of the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals facilitates (1) the design of optimal study protocols, (2) image interpretation, and (3) quantitation of important functional parameters. Each commonly performed genitourinary system study is examined with an emphasis on how useful biologic information can be extracted and quantitated. Included for each study is a brief discussion of the essential aspects of the radiopharmaceutical and relevant biology that are fundamental to the extraction mechanism.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Cystogram-Direct (Tc-99m-DTPA)
Mandell GA, Eggle DF, Gilday DL, et al. Procedure guideline for radionuclide cystography in children. J Nucl Med. 1997;38:1650–4.
Renal Glomerular Filtration Study (Tc-99m-DTPA)
Hall JE, editor. Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier; 2011.
Hall JE. Urine formation by the kidneys: glomerular filtration, renal blood flow, and their control. In: Guyton AC, Hall JE, editors. Textbook of medical physiology. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2011. p. 305.
Rhoades RA, Bell DR. Medical physiology: principles of clinical medicine. 4th ed. Lippincott: Williams Wilkins; 2013. Fig 22-13, p. 409.
Renal Tubular Secretion Study (Tc-99m-MAG3)
Klingensmith WC, Briggs DE, Smith WI. Tc-99m-MAG3 renal studies: Normal range and reproducibility of physiologic parameters as a function of age and sex. J Nucl Med. 1994;35:1612–7.
Shikano N, Kanai Y, Kawai K, et al. Transport of Tc-99m-MAG3 via rat organic anion transporter 1. J Nucl Med. 2004;45:80–5.
Itoh K. Tc-99m-MAG3: review of pharmacokinetics, clinical application to renal diseases and quantification of renal function. Ann Nucl Med. 2001;15:179–90.
Shikano N, Kanai Y, Kawai K, et al. Transport of T-MAG3 via rat renal organic anion transporter I. JNM. 2004;45:80–5.
Fine EJ. Diuretic renography and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor renography. Radiol Clin North Am. 2001;39:979–95.
Fritzberg AR, Kuni CC, Klingensmith WC, Stevens J, Whitney WP. Synthesis and biological evaluation of Tc-99m-N, N′-bis(mercaptoacetyl)-2,3-diamino-propanoate. J Nucl Med. 1982;23:592–8.
Klingensmith WC, Tyler HN, Marsh WC, Hanna GM, Fritzberg AR, Holt SA. The effect of hydration and dehydration on Tc-99m-CO2-DADS renal studies in normal volunteers. J Nucl Med. 1985;26:875–9.
Shanahan WSM, Klingensmith WC, Weil R. Tc-99m-DTPA renal studies for acute tubular necrosis: specificity of dissociation between perfusion and clearance. Am J Roentgenol. 1981;136:249–53.
Klingensmith WC, Whitney WP, Spitzer VM, Klintmalm GBG, Koep LM, Kuni CC. Effect of complete biliary-tract obstruction on serial hepatobiliary imaging in an experimental model. J Nucl Med. 1981;22:866–8.
Renal Tubular Function Study (Tc-99m-DMSA)
Piepsz A, Blaufox MD, Gordon I, et al. Consensus on renal cortical scintigraphy in children with urinary tract infection. Semin Nucl Med. 1999;29:160–74.
MPI DMSA kidney reagent: package insert, Medi + Physics, July, 1985.
Groshar D, Gorenberg M. Quantitative SPECT uptake of Tc-99m-dimercaptosuccinci acid by the kidneys in children. J Nucl Med. 1999;40:56–9.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Tc-99m-MAG3 Renal Worksheet
Tc-99m-MAG3 Renal Worksheet
Klingensmith et al. [5].
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Klingensmith, W.C. (2016). Genitourinary System. In: The Mathematics and Biology of the Biodistribution of Radiopharmaceuticals - A Clinical Perspective. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26704-3_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26704-3_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-26702-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-26704-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)