Abstract
This work shows and discusses ten years of activities of the Union of Municipalities of Garfagnana to support the protection of local agrarian biodiversity in a sustainable rural development perspective. Such activities were based on the involvement of local community as the main protagonist of the process of development together with the coordination role of local institutions. The key elements of the success of the Garfagnana model was the exploitation of the multifunctionality of local resources and the diversification of local economies, taking into account both local knowledge on agricultural traditions and the contribution of research, as in the case of the white Garfagnina sheep breed attests.
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Notes
- 1.
Ministero delle politiche agricole alimentari e forestali, Italian Ministery of agriculture, food and forestry.
- 2.
The collaboration between the Union of Municipalities of Grafagnana (former Mountain Community) and the Institute of Biometeorology of the National Research Council, IBIMET-CNR, was based on the convergence of objectives toward the development of female enterprises and entrepreneurship through the sustainbale exploitation of tangible and intangible resources of rural areas, in particular, those related to the possible development of “short” textile supply chains. This was the main objective of the project “Percorsi di Orientamento” (2008–2011), financed by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and coordinated by CNR-Ibimet in four Italian regions: Tuscany, Emilia Romagna, Sardinia and Campania.
- 3.
Former “Agenzia Regionale Sviluppo e l'Innovazione nel settore Agricolo” (regional agency for the development and innovation in the agricultural sector).
- 4.
“Guardiania unica” is an ancient practice used by many breeders who leave their animals to a sheperd entrasted to looking after the herd during summer. Sometimes the sheperd looking after the livestock can be one of the breeders confering the sheep. The shepherd is rewarded with a sum of money shared by all the breeders according to the number of animals confered. Once this practice was used also for cattle (summer pastures) and pigs (oak woods) for short periods.
- 5.
Commission Regulation (EU) No 142/2011 of 25 February 2011 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down health rules as regards animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consumption and implementing Council Directive 97/78/EC.
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Camilli, F., Pieroni, S. (2016). The Garfagnana Model for Exploiting Agrarian and Cultural Biodiversity: The White Garfagnina Sheep Breed, a Case Study of Sustainable Local Development. In: Agnoletti, M., Emanueli, F. (eds) Biocultural Diversity in Europe. Environmental History, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26315-1_17
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