Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide. This chapter will review the epidemiology, environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and underlying biomolecular changes of the disease. The staging of esophageal cancer will be reviewed as well as the roles of conventional diagnostic imaging and nuclear imaging in this staging. Finally, the efficacy of these modalities in assessing response to the various treatments described in the chapter and in the long-term surveillance for disease recurrence will be addressed.
Abbreviations
- AJCC:
-
American Joint Committee on Cancer
- APC:
-
Gene encoding for adenomatous colon polyposis
- c-myc:
-
Gene encoding for a transcription factor (a multifunctional, nuclear phosphoprotein involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and cellular transformation)
- CT:
-
X-ray computed tomography
- erb B-2:
-
Gene encoding for the receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 (also known as CD340 or proto-oncogene Neu)
- EUS:
-
Endoscopic ultrasonography
- FAPI:
-
Fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor
- [68Ga]-FAPI:
-
Gallium-68-conjugated fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor
- [18F]FDG:
-
2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose
- GERD:
-
Gastrointestinal reflux disease
- GI:
-
Gastrointestinal
- Gy:
-
Gray unit (ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units, corresponding to the absorption of one joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter)
- HPV:
-
Human papillomavirus
- M:
-
Metastasis status according to the AJCC/UICC TNM staging system
- MBq:
-
Mega-Becquerel (106 Becquerel)
- MIP:
-
Maximum intensity projection
- MR:
-
Magnetic resonance
- N:
-
Lymph node status according to the AJCC/UICC TNM staging system
- p16:
-
Protein encoded by the CDKN2A gene (also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A or multiple tumor suppressor 1)
- p53:
-
Tumor protein p53, also known as cellular tumor antigen p53, phosphoprotein p53, tumor suppressor p53, antigen NY-CO-13, or transformation-related protein 53 (TRP53)
- PERCIST:
-
Positron emission tomography response criteria in solid tumors
- PET:
-
Positron emission tomography
- PET/CT:
-
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography
- PET/MR:
-
Positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance
- Rb:
-
Gene encoding for the retinoblastoma protein
- RECIST:
-
Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors
- SSC:
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
- SUR:
-
Standardized uptake ratio (ratio of tumor SUV and blood pool SUV)
- SUV:
-
Standardized uptake value
- SUVmax:
-
Standardized uptake value at point of maximum
- T:
-
Tumor status according to the AJCC/UICC TNM staging system
- UICC:
-
Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (International Union Against Cancer)
- US:
-
Ultrasonography
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Sakellis, C.G., Jacene, H.A., Van den Abbeele, A.D. (2022). Diagnostic Applications of Nuclear Medicine: Esophageal Cancers. In: Volterrani, D., Erba, P.A., Strauss, H.W., Mariani, G., Larson, S.M. (eds) Nuclear Oncology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26067-9_41-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26067-9_41-2
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Latest
Diagnostic Applications of Nuclear Medicine: Esophageal Cancers- Published:
- 26 July 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26067-9_41-2
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Original
Diagnostic Applications of Nuclear Medicine: Esophageal Cancers- Published:
- 08 October 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26067-9_41-1