Abstract
In this article we present optical photoluminescence spectroscopic method for the qualitative and quantitative detection of impurities, hazardous materials, pesticides, and pollutants in water, which lays the grounds for its future potential application to the detection of drugs in body fluids without added reagents. The method is based on synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) of organic aromatic compounds or poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and is carried out by following simultaneously their excitation and emission spectra. The full excitation emission matrix (EEM) generated in this way provides a 2-D and 3-D fluorescence map of the tested sample and the diagonals through the axes origin provide the synchronous fluorescence spectra at a constant wavelengths differences between the emission and excitation wavelengths, thus enabling simultaneous, multitude components identification. This map contains all the relevant spectroscopic information of the tested sample, and serves as a unique “fingerprint” with a very specific and accurate identification. When compared with pre-determined spectra and calibration curves from a database, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the image and the specific compound, and it can be identified accurately both qualitatively and quantitatively. This method offers several significant advantages, and it provides a sensitive (ppm detection level), accurate and simple spectroscopic tool to monitor impurities and pollutants in water. The design and performance of the spectrofluorimeter, i.e., fluoimager prototype, the software development and analysis of chemical organic compounds and mixtures in water as well as preliminary studies of drugs in body fluids, will be discussed in this paper.
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Acknowledgements
Work was supported by The Israeli Water Authority, contract No. 4500196511 and by the Technological Incubators Program, Office of the Chief Scientist (OCS) of the Israel Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labor.
We are grateful to Dr. Vitaly Sominsky Ph.D., and Dr. Shlomo Almog Ph.D., for enabling the calibration tests of the narcotics at the Sheba Medical Center and to the Israeli Police for providing us with them. We thank for the fruitful discussions with Professor Yona Amitai, MD, and Mr. Razi Efron.
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Strashnikova, N.V., Mark, S., Kalisky, Y., Parola, A.H. (2016). Fluoimaging Determination of Poisons, Pollutants, Narcotics and Drugs with No Added Reagents. In: Geddes, C. (eds) Reviews in Fluorescence 2015. Reviews in Fluorescence, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24609-3_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24609-3_8
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