Abstract
The humanitarian sector is rapidly shifting to a new business model that combines a high reliance on cash-based interventions with traditional goods distributions for humanitarian response. While one reason that agencies are shifting to “cash” is to contribute to recovery, growth and resilience of local markets, measurement of the effect of interventions on markets is not commonly done. This chapter focuses on how to harness lessons from commercial and global health supply chain performance measurement models to better inform how humanitarian actors measure markets and/or supply chains that support new cash-based initiatives in emergencies. We approach this question by first describing the shift to cash and reviewing recent literature on measurement of supply chains and markets. Next we review three existing models of supply chains/markets that may be relevant to this discussion. We then examine and contrast several case studies of cash-based market interventions used in emergency responses in the Philippines, Jordan, Lebanon, Haiti, and the Sahel. Finally, we pull these threads together by revisiting the three supply chain models and providing insights on measures for markets that supply cash-based interventions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsNotes
- 1.
The United Nations spent $16.1 billion on goods and services in 2013, 60 % of which was sourced from developing countries and those with economies in transition.
- 2.
UNICEF is starting to support cash transfers ALONG with RUTF as a way of ensuring the RUTF gets consumed by the child who needs it, rather than sub-divided amongst family members.
- 3.
The discussion in this section is based on the Oxfam 2013 report included in the references, as well as personal knowledge from one of the co-authors.
- 4.
The discussion in this section is based on the Oxfam 2013 report included in the references.
- 5.
The discussion in this section is based on the IRC 2014 report that is included in the references.
- 6.
- 7.
The discussion in this section is based on the Brady 2012 report included in the references.
- 8.
The discussion in this section is based on the United Nations 2013 report.
References
Abidi H, de Leeuw S, Klumpp (2013, Aug) Measuring success in humanitarian supply chains. Int J Bus Manage Innov 2(8)
Andersen MB (1999) Do no harm: how aid can support peace or war. Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder
Austin L, Chessex S (2013) Minimum requirements for analysis of markets in emergencies. Cash Learning Partnership, Oxford
Beamon BM, Balcik B (2008) Performance measurement in humanitarian relief chains. Int J Public Sect Manage 21(1):4–25
Brady C (2012, Jan) An emergency market mapping analysis case study: changing responses to the Haiti earthquake. Oxfam. Oxford, UK.
Cash Learning Partnership (2015) Scoping study-emergency cash transfer programming in the WaSH and shelter sectors. www.cashlearning.org
Cuny FC, Hill RB (1999) Famine, conflict and response. Kumarian Press, West Hartford
De Leeuw S (2010) Towards a reference mission map for performance measurement in humanitarian supply chains. in Collaborative Networks for a Sustainable World, edited by L.M. Camarinha-Matos, X. Boucher and H. Afsarmanesh, 11th IFIP WG 5.5 Working Conference on Virtual Enterprises, PRO-VE 2010, St. Etienne, France, October 11-13, 2010. Proceedings. pp 181–188
DeToni A, Tonchia S (2001) Performance measurement systems. Int J Oper Prod Mgt 21, pp. 46–70.
DFID’s Approach to Value for Money (VfM) (2011, July) Department of international development. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/67479/DFID-approach-value-money.pdf. Accessed 18 Nov 2014
Eisenhardt KM (1989) Building theories from case study research. Acad Manage Rev 14(4):532–550
EMMA Toolkit (2010) http://emma-toolkit.org/get/download/. Accessed 23 Nov 2014
Frost LJ, Reich MR (2008) Access: how do good health technologies get to poor people in poor countries, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, distributed by Harvard University Press. www.accessbook.org.
Gatignon A, Van Wassenhove LN, Charles A (2010) The Yogyakarta earthquake: humanitarian relief through IFRC’s decentralized supply chain. Int J Product Econ 126:102–110
Global Logistics Cluster (2015) Unlocking cash and market-based programmes. http://logcluster.org
Gunasekaran A, Kobu B (2007) Performance measures and metrics in logistics and supply chain management: a review of recent literature (1995–2004) for research and applications. Int J Product Res 45(12):2819–2840
Holguin-Veras J et al (2013) On the appropriate objective function for post-disaster logistics models. J Oper Manage 31:262–280
Komrska J, Kopczak LR, Swaminathan J (2013) When supply chains save lives. Supply Chain Manage Rev 17:42–49
Lee HL (2004) The triple-A supply chain. Harv Bus Rev 82:1–10
Logistics Cluster (2014) The Supply Chain in Cash and Voucher Programmes, youtube video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXCCFt8QemQ. Accessed 23 Nov 2014
Oloruntoba R, Gray R (2006) Humanitarian aid: an agile supply chain. Int J Supply Chain Manage 11(2):115–120
Oxfam (2013) Water market system in Balqa, Zarqa & informal settlements of Amman and the Jordan Valley—August–September 2013
Oxfam (2014, Jan 14–18) Emergency mapping and analysis assessment: Corrugated Galvanised Iron (CGI) Market System
Schulz SF, Heigh I (2009) Logistics performance management in action within a humanitarian organization. Manage Res News 32(11):1038–1049
Sodhi MS, Tang CS (2014) Buttressing supply chains against floods in Asia for humanitarian relief and economic recovery. Production and Operations Management, Forthcoming. SSRN. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2234478
Tatham P, Hughes K (2011) Humanitarian logistics metrics: where we are and how we might improve. In: Christopher M, Tatham P (eds) Humanitarian logistics. Kogen Page Limited, pp 65–84
The IRC (2014, Aug) Emergency economies: the impact of cash assistance in Lebanon: an impact evaluation of the 2013–2014 Winter Cash Assistance Program for Syrian Refugees in Lebanon. http://www.rescue.org/sites/default/files/resource-file/Emergency%20Economies%20Evaluation%20Report%20FINAL%2009.09.14%20%282%29.pdf. Accessed 23 Nov 2014
Tomasini R, Van Wassenhove LN (2009) Humanitarian logistics. INSEAD Business Press, London
UN Office for Project Services (2013) Annual Statistical Report on United Nations Procurement. Marmorvej 51, 2100 Copenhagen. Denmark (2014)
United Nations (2013) Sahel regional strategy 2013. http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/SahelStrategy2013_Dec2012.pdf. Accessed 23 Nov 2014
USAID (2014) Healthy markets for global health: a market shaping primer. http://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1864/healthymarkets_primer.pdf. Accessed 23 Nov 2014
World Food Program U.S.A. (2013) Famine prevented: a success story in the Sahel. http://wfpusa.org/sites/default/files/u-6876/Sahel%20success%20story_FINAL.pdf. Accessed 23 Nov 2014
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kopczak, L., Matthews, G. (2016). Measuring Markets That Supply Cash-Based Humanitarian Interventions. In: Zobel, C., Altay, N., Haselkorn, M. (eds) Advances in Managing Humanitarian Operations. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24418-1_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24418-1_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-24416-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-24418-1
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)