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Retinal Vascular Development

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Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Ophthalmology

Part of the book series: Essentials in Ophthalmology ((ESSENTIALS))

Abstract

In higher mammals, sight has evolved into one of the most important senses that allows rapid detection of perturbations in the environment and enables species survival. The sensory part of the eye, the retina, is a thin layer of transparent neuronal tissue that functions like a film in a camera to capture light images and support visual perception. As one of the most metabolically active tissues in the body, retinas consume high levels of oxygen and nutrients. The elevated metabolic requirements of the retina are met by a well-organized ocular vascular system, which also participates in clearing cellular waste products to maintain the vitality of the retina and ensure visual function. Pathologic conditions affecting normal function of the blood vessels in the eye pose significant threats to sight in affected individuals. Understanding the biological processes governing retinal vascular development is of interest for translational researchers and clinicians in order to develop preventive and interventional therapeutics for vascular eye diseases. In addition, the study of retinal vascular development has attracted significant interest in basic angiogenesis research due to high accessibility and ease of visualization of retinal blood vessels in human and model systems. This chapter reviews the current knowledge on the cellular and molecular processes governing retinal vascular development, which is orchestrated by coordinated interaction among several cellular populations including neurons, glia, pericytes, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Jing Chen & Chi-Hsiu Liu

  2. Departments of Ophthalmology and Biochemistry, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, University of Montreal, 5415 Assomption Boulvard, Montreal, QC, Canada, H1T 2M4

    Przemyslaw Sapieha

Authors
  1. Jing Chen
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  2. Chi-Hsiu Liu
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  3. Przemyslaw Sapieha
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Correspondence to Jing Chen .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Eye Center at the Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Andreas Stahl

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Chen, J., Liu, CH., Sapieha, P. (2016). Retinal Vascular Development. In: Stahl, A. (eds) Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Ophthalmology. Essentials in Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24097-8_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24097-8_1

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