Abstract
This chapter brings an historical panorama of Design and the Furniture Industry in Brazil as well as a brief description of the highly fragmented Design System in the country . Issues related to the competitiveness as well as design management and sustainability aspects are discussed in this chapter in order to understand the huge Management challenges faced by the Brazilian Furniture industry, mainly those associated with industries that do not integrate furniture cluster. This chapter intends to provide a broad vision of the context of the intervention .
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Notes
- 1.
In 2012, Brazil attained the 48th place based on a relative improvement in its macroeconomic condition (despite inflation rate at nearly 7 %) and the increase in the use of ICT (54th). Even though some potentials are recognized, there are relevant challenges, such as trust in politicians (121st), government efficiency (111th) as well as excessive government regulation (144th). The quality of transport infrastructure (79th) remains a long-standing challenge and the quality of education (116th) does not match the increasing need for a skilled labor force. Also, despite increasing efforts to facilitate entrepreneurship, particularly for MSEs, the procedures and time to start a business remain among the highest in the sample (130th and 139th, respectively) and taxation is too high, with distorting effects (144th) (Schwab and Sala-i-Martín 2012).
- 2.
The reduction of product lifecycles here refers to the rapid obsolescence of products caused by the increase in consumption, reinforced by the market opening in Brazil. This situation is, however, totally in contrast with the environmental issue of controlling production and consumption practices that aim to minimize environmental impacts, therefore trying to adopt a culture of satisfaction (Manzini and Vezzoli 2002; Manzini and Vezzoli 2002a; Morelli 2007). Some existing approaches have focused on processes (e.g. waste minimization, cleaner production and pollution prevention). Charter and Belmane (1999) and Vezzoli (2007) discuss an Integrated Product Policy (IPP) as a policy concept that considers the lifecycle perspective. Nonetheless, it must include all relevant stakeholders’ viewpoints and consider the product development process from idea generation to product management and reverse logistics (i.e. ‘end of life’ management).
- 3.
As Statistics’ Institutes base their researches on formal registers, this number corresponds to a partial Brazilian reality. In 2002, ABIMOVEL admitted the existence of about 50 thousand enterprises of in the furniture sector in Brazil, between official and unofficial companies (Valença et al. 2002). Nahuz (2005) even mentions the possibility of 50–70 thousand companies.
- 4.
Some wood comes both from native areas with environmental certification and some illegal areas, and some comes from reforested areas (e.g. pines, eucalyptus).
- 5.
In short, the Solid Waste National Policy instituted by Federal Law no. 12.305, 2010-08-02 points at the following concepts: (i) Shared responsibility in the products’ life cycle; (ii) Reversal logistics; (iii) Sector agreement (Cedi 2010). However, as government or competent entities do not control compliance with the law, companies totally neglect their responsibility.
- 6.
In phase 2, sustainable design helps define the main requisite for creating friendlier and more responsible products and services. These aspects were discussed in this research, since they form the conceptual reference adopted to create and prototype the artifacts.
- 7.
A report elaborated in 2006 by the Brazilian Program for Design (PBD) set some demands for the sector. Two aspects are worth mentioning: (1) it is the most recent document written by the PBD that analyzes the furniture industry in Brazil; (2) most of its observations are still valid. However, failure to update such data reinforces the short-term character of design policies and the non-continuity of actions of the Brazilian furniture sector. Therefore, if innovation and competitiveness depend on continuous new inputs and resources to succeed, the absence of data which indicates the weaknesses of the sector shows this is a hard task.
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Zurlo, F., Nunes, V.d.G.A. (2016). Design and the Furniture Industry in Brazil. In: Designing Pilot Projects as Boundary Objects. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23141-9_6
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