Skip to main content

Saying It with Light: A Pilot Study of Affective Communication Using the MIRO Robot

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems (Living Machines 2015)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 9222))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Recently, the concept of a ‘companion robot’ as a healthcare tool has been popularised, and even commercialised. We present MIRO, a robot that is biomimetic in aesthetics, morphology, behaviour, and control architecture. In this paper, we review how these design choices affect its suitability for a companionship role. In particular, we consider how emulation of the familiar body language and other emotional expressions of mammals may facilitate effective communication with naïve users through the reliable evocation of intended perceptions of emotional state and intent. We go on to present a brief pilot study addressing the question of whether shared cultural signals can be relied upon, similarly, as components of communication systems for companion robots. Such studies form part of our ongoing effort to understand and quantify human responses to robot expressive behaviour and, thereby, develop a methodology for optimising the design of social robots by accounting for individual and cultural differences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Shibata, T., Yoshida, M., Yamato, J.: Artificial emotional creature for human-machine interaction. In: 1997 IEEE International Conference on Computational Cybernetics and Simulation Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 3, pp. 2269–2274. IEEE (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dautenhahn, K., Nehaniv, C.L., Walters, M.L., Robins, B., Kose-Bagci, H., Mirza, N.A., Blow, M.: Kaspar-a minimally expressive humanoid robot for human-robot interaction research. Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 6(3–4), 369–397 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Tamura, T., Yonemitsu, S., Itoh, A., Oikawa, D., Kawakami, A., Higashi, Y., Fujimooto, T., Nakajima, K.: Is an entertainment robot useful in the care of elderly people with severe dementia? The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 59(1), M83–M85 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Libin, A.V., Libin, E.V.: Person-robot interactions from the robopsychologists’ point of view: the robotic psychology and robotherapy approach. Proceedings of the IEEE 92(11), 1789–1803 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Allen, K.M., Blascovich, J., Tomaka, J., Kelsey, R.M.: Presence of human friends and pet dogs as moderators of autonomic responses to stress in women. Journal of personality and social psychology 61(4), 582 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ballarini, G.: Pet therapy. animals in human therapy. Acta Bio Medica Atenei Parmensis 74(2), 97–100 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Collis, G., McNicholas, J.: A theoretical basis for health benefits of pet ownership. Companion Animals in Human Health, pp. 105–22 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Stiehl, W.D., Lieberman, J., Breazeal, C., Basel, L., Lalla, L., Wolf, M.: Design of a therapeutic robotic companion for relational, affective touch. In: IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, ROMAN 2005, pp. 408–415. IEEE (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Shibata, T.: Paro’s Goal (Purpose) and Effects (2015). http://paro.jp/?page_id=336 (Accessed July 9, 2015)

  10. Kidd, C.D., Taggart, W., Turkle, S.: A sociable robot to encourage social interaction among the elderly. In: Proceedings 2006 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ICRA 2006, pp. 3972–3976. IEEE (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Magai, C., Cohen, C., Gomberg, D., Malatesta, C., Culver, C.: Emotional expression during mid-to late-stage dementia. International Psychogeriatrics 8(03), 383–395 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Breazeal, C., Scassellati, B.: How to build robots that make friends and influence people. In: Proceedings 1999 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IROS 1999, vol. 2, pp. 858–863. IEEE (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bruce, A., Nourbakhsh, I., Simmons, R.: The role of expressiveness and attention in human-robot interaction. In: Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ICRA 2002, vol. 4, pp. 4138–4142. IEEE (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mutlu, B., Shiwa, T., Kanda, T., Ishiguro, H., Hagita, N.: Footing in human-robot conversations: how robots might shape participant roles using gaze cues. In: Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human robot interaction, pp. 61–68. ACM (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Banks, M.R., Willoughby, L.M., Banks, W.A.: Animal-assisted therapy and loneliness in nursing homes: use of robotic versus living dogs. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 9(3), 173–177 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Pearson, M.J., Mitchinson, B., Sullivan, J.C., Pipe, A.G., Prescott, T.J.: Biomimetic vibrissal sensing for robots. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 366(1581), 3085–3096 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Guizzo, E., Ackerman, E.: The rise of the robot worker. IEEE Spectrum 49(10), 34–41 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Lepora, N.F., Verschure, P., Prescott, T.J.: The state of the art in biomimetics. Bioinspiration & biomimetics 8(1), 013001 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Prescott, T.J., Redgrave, P., Gurney, K.: Layered control architectures in robots and vertebrates. Adaptive Behavior 7(1), 99–127 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Dean, P., Redgrave, P., Westby, G.: Event or emergency? two response systems in the mammalian superior colliculus. Trends in Neurosciences 12(4), 137–147 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gurney, K., Prescott, T.J., Redgrave, P.: A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. i. a new functional anatomy. Biological Cybernetics 84(6), 401–410 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  22. Pearson, M.J., Pipe, A.G., Melhuish, C., Mitchinson, B., Prescott, T.J.: Whiskerbot: a robotic active touch system modeled on the rat whisker sensory system. Adaptive Behavior 15(3), 223–240 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Posner, J., Russell, J.A., Peterson, B.S.: The circumplex model of affect: An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology 17(03), 715–734 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Mendl, M., Burman, O.H., Paul, E.S.: An integrative and functional framework for the study of animal emotion and mood. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277(1696), 2895–2904 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Beck, A., Hiolle, A., Mazel, A., Cañamero, L.: Interpretation of emotional body language displayed by robots. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Affective Interaction in Natural Environments, pp. 37–42. ACM (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Yilmazyildiz, S., Henderickx, D., Vanderborght, B., Verhelst, W., Soetens, E., Lefeber, D.: Multi-modal emotion expression for affective human-robot interaction. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Affective Social Speech Signals (WASSS 2013), Grenoble, France (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Wallbott, H.G.: Bodily expression of emotion. European journal of social psychology 28(6), 879–896 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Wemelsfelder, F., Hunter, A., Paul, E., Lawrence, A.: Assessing pig body language: Agreement and consistency between pig farmers, veterinarians, and animal activists. Journal of animal science 90(10), 3652–3665 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Darwin, C.: The expression of the emotions in man and animals. Oxford University Press (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Courtney, A.J.: Chinese population stereotypes: color associations. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 28(1), 97–99 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Hurlbert, A.C., Ling, Y.: Biological components of sex differences in color preference. Current Biology 17(16), R623–R625 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Maier, M.A., Barchfeld, P., Elliot, A.J., Pekrun, R.: Context specificity of implicit preferences: the case of human preference for red. Emotion 9(5), 734 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Valdez, P., Mehrabian, A.: Effects of color on emotions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 123(4), 394 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Manav, B.: Color-emotion associations and color preferences: A case study for residences. Color Research & Application 32(2), 144–150 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Haring, M., Bee, N., André, E.: Creation and evaluation of emotion expression with body movement, sound and eye color for humanoid robots. In: 2011 IEEE RO-MAN, pp. 204–209. IEEE (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Mäthger, L.M., Hanlon, R.T.: Malleable skin coloration in cephalopods: selective reflectance, transmission and absorbance of light by chromatophores and iridophores. Cell and tissue research 329(1), 179–186 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Collins, E.C., Prescott, T.J.: Individual differences and biohybrid societies. In: Duff, A., Lepora, N.F., Mura, A., Prescott, T.J., Verschure, P.F.M.J. (eds.) Living Machines 2014. LNCS, vol. 8608, pp. 374–376. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emily C. Collins .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Collins, E.C., Prescott, T.J., Mitchinson, B. (2015). Saying It with Light: A Pilot Study of Affective Communication Using the MIRO Robot. In: Wilson, S., Verschure, P., Mura, A., Prescott, T. (eds) Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems. Living Machines 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9222. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22979-9_25

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22979-9_25

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-22978-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-22979-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics