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Biomimetic Surfaces for Cell Engineering

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Book cover Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering ((SSBSE,volume 5))

Abstract

Cell behavior, in particular, migration, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and activation, is mediated by a multitude of environmental factors: (i) extracellular matrix (ECM) properties including molecular composition, ligand density, ligand gradients, stiffness, topography, and degradability; (ii) soluble factors including type, concentration, and gradients; (iii) cell–cell interactions; and (iv) external forces such as shear stress, material strain, osmotic pressure, and temperature changes. The coordinated influence of these environmental cues regulate embryonic development, tissue function, homeostasis, and wound healing as well as other crucial events in vivo. From a fundamental biology perspective, it is of great interest to understand how these environmental factors regulate cell fate and ultimately cell and tissue function. From an engineering perspective, it is of interest to determine how to present these factors in a well-controlled manner to elicit a desired cell output for cell and tissue engineering applications. Both biophysical and biochemical factors mediate intracellular signaling cascades that influence gene expression and ultimately cell behavior, making it difficult to unravel the hierarchy of cell fate stimuli. Accordingly, much effort has focused on the fabrication of biomimetic surfaces that recapitulate a single or many aspects of the in vivo microenvironment including topography, elasticity, and ligand presentation, and by structured materials that allow for control over cell shape, spreading, and cytoskeletal tension. Controlled presentation of these properties to develop a desired microenvironment can be harnessed to guide cell fate decisions toward chosen paths and has provided a wealth of knowledge concerning which cues regulate apoptosis, proliferation, migration, lineage-specific stem cell differentiation, and immune cell activation to name a few. This chapter focuses on the implementation of biomimetic surfaces that recapitulate and control one or more aspects of the cellular microenvironment to induce a desired cell response. More specifically, biomimetic surfaces that mimic in vivo ECM composition, density, gradients, stiffness, or topography; those that allow for control over cell shape, spreading, or cytoskeletal tension; and those that mimic cell surfaces are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 19716, Newark, DE, USA

    John H. Slater, Omar A. Banda, Keely A. Heintz & Hetty T. Nie

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  1. John H. Slater
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  2. Omar A. Banda
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  3. Keely A. Heintz
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  4. Hetty T. Nie
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Correspondence to John H. Slater .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Mei Zhang

  2. Soft Matter Materials Branch, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, Ohio, USA

    Rajesh R. Naik

  3. Department of Macromolecular Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Liming Dai

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Slater, J., Banda, O., Heintz, K., Nie, H. (2016). Biomimetic Surfaces for Cell Engineering. In: Zhang, M., Naik, R., Dai, L. (eds) Carbon Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22861-7_18

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