Abstract
In this chapter, we describe the basics of biomolecules, cellular genetics, and bioenergetics. The chapter starts with the biological thermodynamics. The following biomolecules will be described: amino acids, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, and corresponding polymers; nucleic acid, nucleosides, and nucleotides; and phospholipids. Regarding the cell dynamics, the following topics will be described: DNA structure, the genetic code, gene anatomy, DNA synthesis and repair, transcription, and translation. Regarding the energetics of the cell, we will discuss universal forms of energy, namely, ATP and proton motive force, and the metabolism of the organism. Full details on prokaryote organism metabolism regulation will be provided. Further, we will discuss the relationship between genetics and evolution.
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Djordjevic, I.B. (2016). Fundamentals of Biological Thermodynamics, Biomolecules, Cellular Genetics, and Bioenergetics. In: Quantum Biological Information Theory. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22816-7_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22816-7_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-22815-0
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