Abstract
As argued throughout this volume, trust matters. This importance has spawned a number of major contemporary efforts to increase trust in numerous domains. These efforts typically seek to leverage the best available science for understanding and motivating trust but it is, as yet, not well understood to what degree trust is essentially the same or importantly different across the various domains. Trust building efforts are, therefore, often left with little guidance as to the critical issues to address when applying work from other domains. This chapter takes up this deficiency by reviewing the major mainstream conceptualizations, antecedents, and outcomes of trust in four domains: public administration, policing, state courts, and medicine. The chapter concludes that trust is in fact notably similar across domains but that there are critical differences to be attended to. Specifically, we argue that trust across contexts can be thought of as a willingness to accept vulnerability in dealings with an "other" but that the most important drivers of that willingness are likely to vary somewhat as a function of the domain.
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Notes
- 1.
This chapter spends relatively little time discussing the differences in trust between when it is directed to an institution and when it is directed to an individual within that institution. The reason for this is that it is an issue that has received relatively little attention in the literatures that we review here. For a more thorough treatment of the potential implications of the kind of target, see Campos-Castillo et al. (2016) as well as Herian and Neal (2016).
- 2.
Note that although the majority of this scholarship is conducted cross-sectionally (thus precluding tests of causal effects), the general expectation is that these constructs drive trust.
- 3.
It is worth noting that while these researchers propose multiple components of trust, their empirical work rarely finds support for a multiple-factor construct. For example, Hall et al. (2002) found that a single-factor structure emerged in their data. Goold et al. (2006) found a two-factor structure, with all the components except vulnerability loading onto the first factor.
- 4.
If trust is a willingness to accept vulnerability, there must be some level of vulnerability. Constructs that are able to fully eliminate the perceived vulnerability therefore cannot be not antecedents of “trust,” so defined.
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The authors would like to acknowledge the helpful feedback of the editors and their vision and hospitality in bringing us all together at the National Science Foundation-funded Interdisciplinary Workshop on Institutional Trust and Confidence at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln.
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Hamm, J.A., Lee, J., Trinkner, R., Wingrove, T., Leben, S., Breuer, C. (2016). On the Cross-Domain Scholarship of Trust in the Institutional Context. In: Shockley, E., Neal, T., PytlikZillig, L., Bornstein, B. (eds) Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Trust. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22261-5_8
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