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Structural and Material Perturbations of Lipid Bilayers Due to HIV-1 Tat Peptide

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Structure Determination of HIV-1 Tat/Fluid Phase Membranes and DMPC Ripple Phase Using X-Ray Scattering

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

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Abstract

This chapter reports the effect on lipid bilayers of Tat, the transactivator of transcription, which is an important protein for HIV-1 infection. Synergistic use of low-angle X-ray scattering (LAXS) and atomistic molecular dynamic simulations (MD) revealed Tat peptides binding to lipid headgroups. This binding induced the local lipid phosphate groups to move closer to the center of the bilayer. The position of the positively charged guanidinium components of the arginines was also indicated. A single lipid component sample and samples consisting of mixtures of different lipids were studied. Generally, the Tat peptide decreased the bilayer bending modulus and increased the area/lipid. Although a mechanism for translation remains obscure, this study suggests that the peptide/lipid interaction makes the Tat peptide poised to translocate from the headgroup region.

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    Kiyotaka Akabori

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Akabori, K. (2015). Structural and Material Perturbations of Lipid Bilayers Due to HIV-1 Tat Peptide. In: Structure Determination of HIV-1 Tat/Fluid Phase Membranes and DMPC Ripple Phase Using X-Ray Scattering. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22210-3_2

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