Abstract
The Sun-Earth system displays a typical relationship of a terrestrial planet around its parent star. This connection between Sun and Earth is more clearly represented by the space weather systems: Sun, heliosphere, magnetosphere, and atmosphere-ionosphere. Without the investigation of these systems and their interactions with each other, the effects of Sun on Earth’s atmosphere cannot be fully understood. Overall, Earth is influenced by Sun directly and indirectly via radiative, thermal, dynamical, and electrodynamical processes. Earth’s atmosphere is stably stratified and consists of different regions of varying chemical and physical properties. In particular, Earth’s upper atmosphere-ionosphere system is controlled by solar and magnetospheric processes from above and by internal waves from below. Various space weather systems from Sun to the lower atmosphere of Earth, the troposphere, are briefly discussed.
Man must rise above the Earth to the top of the atmosphere and beyond for only thus will he fully understand the world in which he lives.
—Socrates (5th century B.C.)
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Notes
- 1.
Named after the prominent physicist James Alfred Van Allen who discovered this region of trapped plasma.
- 2.
After Sydney Chapman in 1920s.
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Yiğit, E. (2015). Earth’s Atmosphere and Geospace Environment. In: Atmospheric and Space Sciences: Neutral Atmospheres. SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21581-5_4
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