Abstract
Glaucoma in aniridia usually develops during childhood, due to either open- or closed-angle mechanisms. In our study of Aniridia Foundation International (AFI) members, approximately half of the subjects developed glaucoma, with glaucoma diagnosis at average age 13.6 years and median age 8.5 years. The majority of patients were treated surgically for glaucoma. Average central corneal thickness is increased in aniridia, which may be a consideration for assessment of intraocular pressure. Although surgical procedures vary, clinicians often use glaucoma drainage implants to treat aniridic glaucoma. Regular monitoring during childhood, with prompt recognition of elevated intraocular pressure and effective management, may prevent vision loss due to glaucoma in aniridia.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mandal AK, Netland PA (2006) The pediatric glaucomas. Elsevier, Edinburgh
Netland PA (2010) Glaucoma problems associated with aniridia. In: Nerby JA, Otis JJ (eds) Aniridia and WAGR syndrome: a guide for patients and families. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 69–81
Margo CE (1983) Congenital aniridia: a histopathologic study of the anterior segment in children. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 20:192198
Baulmanna DC, Ohlmanna A, Flugel-Kocha C, Goswamib S, Cveklb A, Tamm ER (2002) Pax6 heterozygous eyes show defects in chamber angle differentiation that are associated with a wide spectrum of other anterior eye segment abnormalities. Mech Dev 118:3–17
Grant WM, Walton DS (1974) Progressive changes in the angle in congenital aniridia, with development of glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol 78:842–847
Okamoto F, Nakano S, Okamoto C, Hommura S, Oshika T (2004) Ultrasound biomicroscopic findings in aniridia. Am J Ophthalmol 137:858–862
Netland PA, Scott ML, Boyle JW, Lauderdale JD (2001) Ocular and systemic findings in a survey of aniridia subjects. JAAPOS 15:562–566
Fischbach BV, Trout KL, Lewis J, Luis CA, Sika M (2005) WAGR syndrome: a clinical review of 54 cases. Pediatrics 116:984–988
Valenzuela A, line RA (2004) Ocular and nonocular findings in patient with aniridia. Can J Ophthalmol 39:632–638
Edén U, Beijar C, Riise R, Tornqvist K (2008) Aniridia among children and teenagers in Sweden and Norway. Acta Ophthalmol 86:730–734
Nelson LB, Spaeth GL, Nowinski TS, Margo CE, Jackson L (1984) Aniridia. A review. Surv Ophthalmol 28:621–642
Gramer E, Reiter C, Gramer G (2012) Glaucoma and frequency of ocular and general diseases in 50 patients with aniridia: a clinical study. Eur J Ophthalmol 22:104–110
Singh B, Mohamed A, Chaurasia S, Ramappa M, Mandal AK, Jalali S, Sangwan VS (2014) Clinical manifestations of congenital aniridia. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 51:59–62
Brandt JD, Casuso LA, Budenz DL (2004) Markedly increased central corneal thickness: an unrecognized finding in congenital aniridia. Am J Ophthalmol 137:348–350
Whitson JT, Liang C, Godfrey DG, Petroll WM, Cavanagh HD, Patel D, Fellman RL, Starita RJ (2005) Central corneal thickness in patients with congenital aniridia. Eye Contact Lens 31:221–224
Park SH, Park YG, Lee MY, Kim MS (2010) Clinical features of Korean patients with congenital aniridia. Korean J Ophthalmol 24:291–296
Lopez JP, Freedman SF, Muir K, Duncan L, Stephens D, Atenafu E, Levin AV (2011) Central corneal thickness in children and adolescents with pediatric glaucoma and eye disorders at risk of developing glaucoma. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 48:108–116
Kerr NC, Litchford DW, Dong Q, Netland PA (2005) Reliability and artifact in automated visual field testing of children. Ann Ophthalmol 37:185–189
Chen TC, Walton DS (1999) Goniosurgery for prevention of aniridic glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol 117:1144–1148
Barkan O (1953) Goniotomy for glaucoma associated with aniridia. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 49:1–5
Brauner SC, Walton DS, Chen TC (2008) Aniridia. Int Ophthalmol Clin 48:79–85
Adachi M, Dickens CJ, Hetherington J Jr, Hoskins HD, Iwach AG, Wong PC, Nguyen N, Ma AS (1997) Clinical experience of trabeculotomy for the surgical treatment of aniridic glaucoma. Ophthalmology 104:2121–2125
Wiggins RE Jr, Tomey KF (1992) The results of glaucoma surgery in aniridia. Arch Ophthalmol 110:503–505
Lawrence SD, Netland PA (2012) Trabeculectomy versus combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 49:359–365
Ishida K, Mandal AK, Netland PA (2005) Glaucoma drainage implants in pediatric patients. Ophthalmol Clin N Am 18:431–442
Arroyave CP, Scott IU, Gedde SJ, Parrish RK 2nd, Feuer WJ (2003) Use of glaucoma drainage devices in the management of glaucoma associated with aniridia. Am J Ophthalmol 135:155–159
Almousa R, Lake DB (2014) Intraocular pressure control with Ahmed glaucoma drainage device in patients with cicatricial ocular surface disease-associated or aniridia-related glaucoma. Int Ophthalmol 34:753–760
Shaikh AH, Khatana AK, Zink JM, Miller DM, Petersen MR, Correa ZM, Riemann CD (2014) Combined endoscopic vitrectomy with pars plana tube shunt procedure. Br J Ophthalmol 98:1547–1550
Hassanaly SI, Talajic JC, Harissi-Dagher M (2014) Outcomes following Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis implantation in aniridia patients at the University of Monteral. Am J Ophthalmol 158:270–276
Netland PA, Terada H, Dohlman CH (1998) Glaucoma associated with keratoprosthesis. Ophthalmology 105:751–757
Rivier D, Paula JS, Kim E, Dohlman CH, Grosskreutz CL (2009) Glacuoma and keratoprosthesis surgery: role of adjunctive cyclophotocoagulation. J Glaucoma 18:321–324
Sbordone S, Romano V, Savastano A, Piccirillo V, Savastano MC, Bifani M (2013) Aniridia-associated with lens coloboma and secondary glaucoma treated with transcorneal argon laser ciliary body photocoagulation: a case report. Case Rep Ophthalmol 4:44–47
Tsai JH, Freeman JM, Chan CC, Schwartz GS, Derby EA, Petersen MR, Holland EJ (2005) A progressive anterior fibrosis syndrome in patients with postsurgical congenital aniridia. Am J Ophthalmol 140:1075–1079
Acknowledgements
The author reports no proprietary interest in this material. The author is grateful to Aniridia Foundation International and the Sharon Stewart Trust for their support for aniridia patients and clinical research at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine. The author is also grateful to Aniridia Europe, Aniridia Italiana, and Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus for their support of the 2nd European Conference on Aniridia in Venice, Italy, where this material was presented, in part, as a keynote talk.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Netland, P.A. (2015). Management of Glaucoma in Congenital Aniridia. In: Parekh, M., Poli, B., Ferrari, S., Teofili, C., Ponzin, D. (eds) Aniridia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19779-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19779-1_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-19778-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-19779-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)