Abstract
An object can be in either of two states—stationary or in motion. When we think of motion, we should consider a frame of reference, since an object may be moving with respect to one system of coordinates, yet be stationary with respect to the another system of coordinates, if that systems moves together with the object. A stationary object is described by its position within the selected coordinates—just like a chess figure position on a specific square has a coordinate notation, for example e2 (Fig. 9.1).
“Eppur si muove!” (“And yet is does move” (Lat.)—the remark by Galilei after his trial by the Inquisition in 1633.)
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- 1.
In some cases, like for a Doppler effect, e.g., we must consider the Einstein equations of Special Theory of Relativity, as in Eq. (7.3).
- 2.
These frequencies are chosen because they are removed from the power line frequencies and their harmonics.
- 3.
The Fredericks Company. P.O. Box 67, Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006.
- 4.
Here we assume steady-state conditions and neglect radiative and convective heat transfers.
- 5.
See Sect. 17.6 for a description of a Si diode as a temperature sensor.
- 6.
In terms of an angular rotation, 1 mg (milli-g) corresponds to approximately 0.06° of inclination.
- 7.
Term PID means “proportional-integral-differential” to indicate type of a feedback control.
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Fraden, J. (2016). Velocity and Acceleration. In: Handbook of Modern Sensors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19303-8_9
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