Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Autism and Child Psychopathology Series ((ACPS))

  • 2189 Accesses

Abstract

Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased over the years. Identification and diagnosis of comorbid disorders have also increased, including an ever-broader range of co-occurring conditions. The breadth of comorbid problems studied, and the frequency with which they are endorsed are examined.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ahmedani, B. K., & Hock, R. M. (2011). Health care access and treatment for children with co-morbid autism and psychiatric conditions. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 47(11), 1807–1804.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amendah, D., Grosse, S. D., Peacock, G., & Mandell, D. S. (2011). The economic costs of autism: A review. In D.G. Amaral, G. Dawson, & D. H. Geschwind (Eds.), Autism Spectrum Disorders (2011: pp. 1343–1358). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ames, C. S., & White, S. J. (2011). Are ADHD traits dissociable from the autistic profile? Links between cognition and behavior. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 41, 357–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amiet, C., Gourfinkel-An, I., Bouzamondo, A., et al. (2008). Epilepsy in autism is associated with intellectual disability and gender: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 64, 577–582.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anne-Katrin, K., Fernell, E., Gillberg, C., & Miniscalco, C. (2013). Autism in community pre-schoolers: Developmental profiles. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 2900–2908.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Antshel, K. M., Placek, C., McMahon, M., et al. (2011). Comorbid ADHD and anxiety affect social skills group intervention treatment efficacy in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 32, 439–446.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Black, C., Kaye, J. A., & Jick, H. (2002). Relation of childhood gastrointestinal disorders to autism: Nested case-control study using data from the UK general practice research database. British Medical Journal, 325(7361), 419–421.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolton, P. F., Pickles, A., Murphy, M., & Rutter, M. (1998). Autism, affective and other psychiatric disorders: Patterns of familiar aggregation. Psychological Medicine, 28(2), 385–395.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolton, P. F., Carcani-Rathwell, I., Hutton, J., et al. (2011). Epilepsy in autism: Features and correlates. British Journal of Psychiatry, 198(4), 289–294.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Booth, R., & Happé, F. (2010). “Hunting with a knife and … fork”: Examining central coherence in autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and typical development with a linguistic task. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 107, 307–393.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, E., & Bolton, P. (2006). Episodic psychiatric disorders in teenagers with learning disabilities with and without autism. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 189, 361–366.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, E. A., Summers, J. A., Wood, H. L., & Bryson, S.E. (2004). Comparing rates of psychiatric and behavior disorders in adolescents and young adults with severe intellectual disability with and without autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 151–161.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brereton, A. V., Tonge, B. J., & Einfeld, S. L. (2006). Psychopathology in children and adolescents with autism compared to young people with intellectual disability. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(7), 863–870.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buie, T., Fuchs, G. J. 3rd, Furuta, G. T., Kooros, K., Levy, J., Lewis, J. D., et al. (2010). Recommendations for evaluation and treatment of common gastrointestinal problems in children with ASDs. Pediatrics, 125(1), 19–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlsson, L. H., Norrelgen, F., Kjellmer, L., et al. (2013). Coexisting disorders and problems in preschool children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The Scientific World Journal, Vol, 2013, 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder among children aged 8 years. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 63(SS02), 1–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbett, B. A., Constantine, L. J., Hendren, R., et al. (2009). Examining executive functioning in children with autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and typical development. Psychiatry Research, 166, 210–222.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doshi-Velez, F., Ge, Y., & Kohane, I. (2014). Comorbidity clusters in autism spectrum disorders: An electronic health record time-series analysis. Pediatrics, 133(e4), 54–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farley, M. A., McMahon, W. M., Fombonne, E., et al. (2009). Twenty-year outcome for individuals with Autism and average or near-average cognitive abilities. Autism Research, 2, 109–118.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fine, J. G., Semrud-Clikeman, M., Butcher, B., & Walkowiak, J. (2008). Brief report: Attention effect on a measure of social perception. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 1797–1802.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gadow, K. D., DeVincent, C. J., & Pomeroy, J. (2006). ADHD symptom subtypes in children with pervasive developmental disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 271–283.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gadow, K. D., DeVincent, C. J., & Schneider, J. (2009). Comparative study of children with ADHD only, autism spectrum disorder + ADHD, and chronic multiple tic disorder + ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 12, 474–485.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • García-Villamisar, D., & Rojahn, J. (2013). Comorbid psychopathology and stress mediate the relationship between autistic traits and repetitive behaviours in adults with autism. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. doi:10.1111/jir.12083.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghaziuddin, M., Ghaziuddin N., & Greden J. (2002). Depression in persons with Autism: Implications for research and clinical care. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32, 299–306.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gillberg, C. (2010). The essence in child psychiatry: Early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(6), 1543–1551.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gilmour, J., Hill, B., Place, M., Skuse, D. (2004). Social communication deficits in conduct disorders: A clinical and community survey. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 967–978.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gjevik, E., Eldevik, S., Fjaeran-Granum, T., Sponheim, E. (2011). Kiddie-SADS reveals high rates of DSM- IV disorders in children and adolescents. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41, 761–769.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, S. E., McGrew, S., Johnson, K. P., et al. (2011). Sleep is associated with problem behaviors in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5, 1223–1229.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gorrindo, P., Williams, K. C., Lee, E. B., et al. (2012). Gastrointestinal dysfunction in autism: Parental report, clinical evaluation, and associated factors. Autism Research, 5(2), 101–108.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van der Halm, E., Gujar, N., Walker, M. P. (2010). Sleep deprivation impairs the accurate recognition of human emotions. Sleep, 33, 335–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hass, R. H. (2010). Autism and mitochondrial disease. Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 16, 144–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hecimovic, H., Salpekar, J., Kanner, A. M., Barry, J. J. (2011). Suicidality and epilepsy: a neuropsychobiological perspective. Epilepsy & Behavior, 22(1), 77–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, J., & Furniss, F. (2006). Patterns of emotional and behavioural disturbance associated with autistic traits in young people with severe intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviours. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 27, 517–528.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hofvander, B., Delorme, R., Chaste, P., et al. (2009). Psychiatric and psychosocial problems in adults with normal-intelligence autism spectrum disorders. BMC psychiatry, 9, 35.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Horvath, K., Medeiros, L., Rabsztyn, A., et al. (2000). High prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 31(Suppl. 2), 174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ibrahim, S. H., Voigt, R. G., Katusic, S. K., et al. (2009). Incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism: A population based study. Pediatrics, 124, 680–868.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Isaksen, J., Bryn, V., Diseth, T. H., et al. (2013). Children with autism spectrum disorders—the importance of medical investigations. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, 17, 68–76.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jang, J., Matson, J. L., Williams, L. W., et al. (2013). Rates of comorbid symptoms in children with ASD, ADHD, and comorbid ASD and ADHD. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34, 2369–2378.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Janowksy, D. S., & Davis, J. M. (2005). Diagnosis and treatment of depression in patients with mental retardation. Current Psychiatry Reports, 7, 421–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, K., Dittner, A., Bramham, J., et al. (2013). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adults with autism spectrum disorders. Autism Research, 6, 225–236.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi, G., Petty, C., Wozniak, J., et al. (2010). The heavy burden of psychiatric comorbidity in youth with autism spectrum disorders: A large comparative study of a psychiatrically referred population. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1361–1370.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi, G., Biederman, J., Petty, C., et al. (2013). Examining the comorbidity of bipolar disorder and autism spectrum disorders: A large controlled analysis of phenotypic and familiar correlates in a referred population of youth with bipolar I disorder with and without autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 74(6), 578–586.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keen, D., & Ward, S. (2004). Autism spectrum disorder: a child population profile. Autism: the International Journal of Research and Practice, 8, 39–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kohane, I. S., McMurry, A., Weber, G., et al. (2012). The co-morbidity burden of children and young adults with autism spectrum disorders. PLoS One 7: e3322410.1371/journal.pone.0033224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuddo, T., & Nelson, K. B. (2003). How common are gastrointestinal disorders in children with autism? Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 15, 339–343.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuusikko, S., Pollock-Wurman, R., Jussila, K., et al. (2008). Social anxiety in high-functioning children and adolescents with Autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 1697–1709.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • La Malfa, G., Lassi, S., Bertelli, M., et al. (2004). Autism and intellectual disability: A study of prevalence on a sample of the Italian population. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 48(3), 262–267.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lainhardt, J. E. (1999). Psychiatric problems in individuals with autism, their parents, and siblings. International Review of Psychiatry, 11(4), 278–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lainhart, J. E., & Folstein, S. E. (1994). Affective disorders in people with autism: A review of published cases. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 587–601.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D. O., & Ousley, O. Y. (2006). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a clinic sample of children and adolescents with pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 16, 737–746.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leslie, D. L., & Martin, A. (2007). Health care expenditures associated with autism spectrum disorders. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 161, 350–355.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levy, S. E., Giarelli, E., Lee, L., et al. (2010). Autism Spectrum Disorder and co-occurring developmental, psychiatric, and medical conditions among children in multiple populations of the United States. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 31, 267–275.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leyfer, O. T., Folstein, S. E., Bacalman, S., et al. (2006). Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism: Interview development and rates of disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36, 849–861.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LoVullo, S. V., & Matson, J. L. (2009). Comorbid psychopathology in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders and intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 1288–1296.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magnuson, K. M., & Constantino, J. N. (2011). Characterization of depression in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 32, 332–340.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malow, B. A., Marzec, M. L., McGrew, S. G., et al. (2006). Characterizing sleep in children with autism spectrum disorders: A multidimensional approach. Sleep, 29, 1563–1571.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mandell, D. S. (2008). Psychiatric hospitalization among children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 1795–1802.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mandell, D. S., Ittenbach, R. F., Levy, S. E., Pinto-Martin, J. A. (2007). Disparities in diagnoses received prior to a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 1795–1802.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mannion, A., & Leader, G. (2013). Comorbidity in autism spectrum disorder: A literature review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7, 1595–1616.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mannion, A., Leader, G., Healy, O. (2013). An investigation of comorbid psychological disorders, sleep problems, gastrointestinal symptoms and epilepsy in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7, 35–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maski, K. P., Jeste, S. S., Spence, S. J. (2011). Common neurological co-morbidities in autism spectrum disorders. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 23, 609–615.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matson, J. L., & Cervantes, P. E. (2014). Commonly studied comorbid psychopathologies among persons with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 952–962.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matson, J. L., & Goldin, R. L. (2013). Comorbidity and autism: trends, topics and future directions. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7, 1228–1233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matson, J. L., & Gonzalez, M. (2007). Autism spectrum disorder—comorbid for children. Baton Rouge: Disability Consultants, LLC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matson, J. L., & Nebel-Schwalm, M. S. (2007). Comorbid psychopathology with autism spectrum disorder in children: An overview. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28(4), 341–351.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matson, J. L., & Shoemaker, M. (2009). Intellectual disability and its relationship to Autism spectrum disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 1107–1114.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mattila, M. L., Hurtig, T., Haapsamo, H., et al. (2010). Comorbid psychiatric disorders associated with Asperger syndrome/high-functioning autism: A community- and clinic-based study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1080–1093.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mazefsky, C. A., Folstein, S. E., & Lainhart, J. E. (2008). Brief report: Overrepresentation of mood and anxiety disorders in adults with autism and their first degree relatives: What does it mean? Autism Research, 1, 193–197.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mazefsky, C. A., Oswald, D. P., Day, T. N., et al. (2012). ASD, a psychiatric disorder, or both? Psychiatric diagnoses in adolescents with high-functioning ASD. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 41(4), 516–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mazurek, M. O., & Kanne, S. M. (2010). Friendship and internalizing symptoms among children and adolescents with ASD. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1512–1520.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van der Meer, J. M. J., Oerlemans, A. M., van Steijn, D. J., et al. (2012). Are autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder different manifestations of one overarching disorder? Cognitive and symptom evidence from a clinical and population-based sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 55(11), 1160–1172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Melmed, R. D., Schneider, C. K., Fabes, R. A., et al. (2000). Metabolic markers and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism and related disorders. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 31(Suppl. 2), 31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ming, X., Brimacombe, M., Chaaban, J., et al. (2008). Autism spectrum disorders: Concurrent clinical disorders. Journal of Child Neurology, 23, 6–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munesue, T., Ono. Y., Mutoh, K., et al. (2008). High prevalence of bipolar disorder comorbidity in adolescents and young adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: A preliminary study of 44 outpatients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 111(2–3), 170–175.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nikolov, R. N., Bearss, K. E., Lettinga, J., et al. (2009). Gastrointestinal symptoms in a sample of children with pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30, 405–413.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peacock, G., Amendah, D., Ouyang, L., & Grosse, S. (2012). Autism spectrum disorders and health care expenditures: The effects of co-occurring conditions. Journal of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, 33, 2–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, D. W., Marston, G. M., Hinder, S. A., et al. (2001). The phenomenology of depressive illness in people with a learning disability and autism. Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 5, 265–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard, A. J., & Predergast, M. (2004). Depressive pseudodementia in a child with autism. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 46, 485–489.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raja, M., & Azzoni, A. (2008). Comorbidity of Asperger’s syndrome and bipolar disorder. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 4, 26.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reaven, J., & Hepburn, S. (2003). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in a child with Asperger’s syndrome: a case report. Autism: the International Journal of Research and Practice, 7, 145–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richdale, A. (2001). Sleep disorders in autism and Asperger’s syndrome. In G. Stores, L. Wiggs (Eds.), Sleep disturbances in disorders of development: its significance and management (pp. 181–191). London: MacKeith.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richdale, A. L., & Schreck, K. A. (2009). Sleep problems in autism spectrum disorders: prevalence, nature, & possible biopsychosocial aetiologies. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 13, 403–411.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rieske, R. D., Matson, J. L., May, A. C., & Kozlowski, A. M. (2012). Anxiety in children with high functioning autism spectrum disorders: Significant differences and the moderating effects of social impairments. Journal of Physical and Developmental Disabilities, 24, 167–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rooney, M., Alfano, C. A., Walsh, K. S., & Parr, A. F. (2011). Differential diagnosis and treatment of obsessive-compulsive, inattentive, and sleep symptoms in a 7-year-old with PDD-NOS. Clinical Case Studies, published online 21 February 2011. doi:10.1177/1534650111398123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruta, L., Mugno, D., D’Arrigo, V. G., et al. (2010). Obsessive-compulsive traits in children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 19(1), 17–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rzepecka, H., McKenzie, K., McClure, I., & Murphy, S. (2011). Sleep, anxiety and challenging behavior in children with intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32, 2758–2766.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schreck, K. A., Mulick, J. A., & Smith, A. F. (2004). Sleep problems as possible predictors of intensified symptoms of autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 25, 57–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, S. H., Ferber, R., & Kryger, M. H. (Eds.). (2005). Principles and practice of pediatric sleep medicine. Philadelphia: Elseview Saunders.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., Charman, T., et al. (2008). Psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: Prevalence, comorbidity and associated factors in a population-driven sample. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47(8), 921–929.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stahlberg, O., Soderstrom, H., Rastam, M., & Gillberg, C. (2004). Bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorders in adults with childhood onset AD/HD and/or autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Neural Transmissions, 111(7), 891–902.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Steensel, F. J. A., Bögels, S. M., & Perrin, S. (2011). Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis. Clinical Child and Family Psychological Review, 14, 302–317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sterling, L., Dawson, G., Estes, A., & Greenson, J. (2008). Characteristics associated with presence of depressive symptoms in adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 1011–1018.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, M. E., Barnard, L., Pearson, J., et al. (2006). Presentation of depression in autism and Asperger syndrome: A review. Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 10, 103–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strang, J. F., Kenworthy, L., Daniolos, P., et al. (2012). Depression and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders without intellectual disability. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(1), 406–412.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sukhodolsky, D. G., Scahill, L., Gadow, K.D., et al. (2008). Parent-rated anxiety symptoms in children with pervasive developmental disorders: Frequency and association with core autism symptoms and cognitive functioning. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 117–128.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tager-Flusberg, H. (1992). Autistic children’s talk about psychological states: Deficits in the early acquisition of a theory of mind. Child Development, 63, 161–172.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thorson, R. T., & Matson, J. L. (2012). Cutoff scores for the Autism Spectrum Disorder—comorbid for children (ASD-CC). Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(1), 556–559.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tuchman, R. F., & Rapin, I. (2002). Epilepsy in autism. The Lancet Neurology, 1, 352–357.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tureck, K., Matson, J. L., Cervantes, P., Konst, M. J. (2014). An examination of the relationship between autism spectrum disorder, intellectual functioning, and comorbid symptoms in children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(7), 1766–1772.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vickerstaff, S., Heriot, S., Wong, M., et al. (2007). Intellectual ability, self-perceived social competence, and depressive symptomatology in children with high-functioning autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 1647–1664.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • White, S. W., Oswald, D., Ollendick, T., & Scahill, L. (2009). Anxiety in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 22, 367–380.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, S. W., Bray, C. B., & Ollendick, T. H. (2012). Examining shared and unique aspects of social anxiety disorders and autism spectrum disorders using factor analysis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(5), 874–884.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Whitehouse, A. J., Durkin, K., Jaquet, E., & Ziatas, K. (2009). Friendship, loneliness and depression in adolescents with Asperger’s syndrome. Journal of Adolescence, 32, 309–322.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zachor, D., Yang, J.-W., Itzchak, E. B., et al. (2011). Cross-cultural differences in comorbid symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorders: An international examination between Israel, South Korea, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Developmental Neuro.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John F. Strang PsyD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Strang, J. (2016). Scope and Prevalence of the Problem. In: Matson, J. (eds) Comorbid Conditions Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Autism and Child Psychopathology Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19183-6_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics