Abstract
In the center of this thesis lies the unoccupied surface state of Tl/Si(111)-(1\(\times \)1) and its spin texture. Experimental access to the unoccupied surface state is obtained via spin- and angle-resolved inverse photoemission. To shed light onto the spin texture, which forms complex patterns in momentum space, one of the project’s main objectives has been to implement 3D spin analysis in the SR-IPE experiment to get access to all components of the spin polarization.
Figures and text excerpts of this chapter have been published in Stolwijk et al. (2014). Reprinted with permission from Stolwijk et al. (2014). Copyright 2014, AIP Publishing LLC.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Allmers, T.: Magnetic nanostructures: influence of morphology on electronic and magnetic properties, Ph.D. thesis, Münster University (2009)
Allmers, T., Donath, M.: Growth and morphology of thin Fe films on flat and vicinal Au(111): a comparative study. New J. Phys. 11, 103049 (2009)
Allmers, T., Donath, M.: Magnetic properties of Fe films on flat and vicinal Au(111): consequences of different growth behavior. Phys. Rev. B 81, 064405 (2010)
Allmers, T., Donath, M., Braun, J., Minár, J., Ebert, H.: \(d\)- and \(sp\)-like surface states on fcc Co(001) with distinct sensitivity to surface roughness. Phys. Rev. B 84, 245426 (2011)
Auger, P.: Sur l’effet photoélectrique composé. J. Phys. Radium 6, 205 (1925)
Bentmann, H., Kuzumaki, T., Bihlmayer, G., Blügel, S., Chulkov, E.V., Reinert, F., Sakamoto, K.: Spin orientation and sign of the Rashba splitting in Bi/Cu(111). Phys. Rev. B 84, 115426 (2011)
Binnig, G., Rohrer, H.: Scanning tunneling microscopy. IBM J. Res. Dev. 44, 279 (2000)
Budke, M., Allmers, T., Donath, M., Rangelov, G.: Combined experimental setup for spin- and angle-resolved direct and inverse photoemission. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 113909 (2007a)
Budke, M., Donath, M.: Ar gas discharge lamp with heated LiF window: a monochromatized light source for photoemission. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231918 (2008)
Budke, M., Donath, M.: Influence of impurities on the electronic structure of Y(0001) single-crystal surfaces. Phys. Rev. B. 79, 075432 (2009)
Budke, M., Renken, V., Liebl, H., Rangelov, G., Donath, M.: Inverse photoemission with energy resolution better than 200 meV. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 083903 (2007b)
Burnett, G.C., Monroe, T.J., Dunning, F.B.: High-efficiency retarding-potential Mott polarization analyzer. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 65, 1893 (1994)
Chen, C.J.: Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. Oxford University Press, New York (2008)
Cool, T.A., Wang, J., Nakajima, K., Taatjes, C.A., Mcllroy, A.: Photoionization cross sections for reaction intermediates in hydrocarbon combustion. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 247, 18 (2005)
Desinger, K., Dose, V., Göbl, M., Scheidt, H.: Momentum resolved bremsstrahlung isochromat spectra from Ni(001). Solid State Commun. 49, 479 (1984)
Donath, M.: Spin-resolved inverse photoemission of ferromagnetic surfaces. Appl. Phys. A 49, 351 (1989)
Donath, M.: Spin-dependent electronic structure at magnetic surfaces: the low-Miller-index surfaces of nickel. Surf. Sci. Rep. 20, 251 (1994)
Donath, M.: Magnetic order and electronic structure in thin films. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 11, 9421 (1999)
Donath, M., Glöbl, M., Senftinger, B., Dose, V.: Photon polarization effects in inverse photoemission from Cu(001). Solid State Commun 60, 237 (1986)
Dose, V.: VUV isochromat spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. B 14, 117 (1977)
Dose, V.: Momentum-resolved inverse photoemission. Surf. Sci. Rep. 5, 337 (1985)
Duden, T., Bauer, E.: A compact electron-spin-polarization manipulator. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, 2861 (1995)
Eberhardt, W., Himpsel, F.J.: Dipole selection rules for optical transitions in the fcc and bcc lattices. Phys. Rev. B 21, 5572 (1980)
Escher, M., Weber, N.B., Merkel, M., Plucinski, L., Schneider, C.M.: FERRUM: a new highly efficient spin detector for electron spectroscopy. e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotech. 9, 340 (2011)
Farle, M., Berghaus, A., Li, Y., Baberschke, K.: Hard-axis magnetization of ultrathin Ni(111) films on W(110): an experimental method to measure the magneto-optic Kerr effect in ultrahigh vacuum. Phys. Rev. B 42, 4873 (1990)
Fauster, T., Schneider, R., Dürr, H.: Angular distribution of the inverse photoemission from Cu(100). Phys. Rev. B 40, 7981 (1989)
Heinzmann, U., Dil, J.H.: Spin-orbit-induced photoelectron spin polarization in angle-resolved photoemission from both atomic and condensed matter targets. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 24, 173001 (2012)
Henk, J., Ernst, A., Bruno, P.: Spin polarization of the L-gap surface states on Au(111). Phys. Rev. B 68, 165416 (2003)
Henk, J., Ernst, A., Bruno, P.: Spin polarization of the L-gap surface states on Au(111): a first-principles investigation. Surf. Sci. 566, 482 (2004a)
Henk, J., Hoesch, M., Osterwalder, J., Ernst, A., Bruno, P.: Spin-orbit coupling in the L-gap surface states of Au(111): spin-resolved photoemission experiments and first-principles calculations. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16, 7581 (2004b)
Henk, J., Scheunemann, T., Halilov, S.V., Feder, R.: Magnetic dichroism and electron spin polarization in photoemission: analytical results. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 8, 47 (1996)
Henzler, M., Goepel, W.: Introduction to Solid State Physics, Teubner Studienbücher (1994)
Himpsel, F.J.: Inverse photoemission from semiconductors. Surf. Sci. Rep. 12, 3 (1990)
Hoesch, M., Greber, T., Petrov, V., Muntwiler, M., Hengsberger, M., Auwärter, W., Osterwalder, J.: Spin-polarized Fermi surface mapping. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 124, 263 (2002)
Hoesch, M., Muntwiler, M., Petrov, V.N., Hengsberger, M., Patthey, L., Shi, M., Falub, M., Greber, T., Osterwalder, J.: Spin structure of the Shockley surface state on Au(111). Phys. Rev. B 69, 241401 (2004)
Johnson, P.D.: Spin-polarized photoemission. Rep. Prog. Phys. 60, 1217 (1997)
Kerr, J.: On rotation of the plane of the polarization by reflection from the pole of a magnet. Philos. Mag. 3, 321 (1877)
Kirschner, J., Feder, R.: Spin polarization in double diffraction of low-energy electrons from W(001): experiment and theory. Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1008 (1979)
Kittel, C.: Introduction to Solid State Physics. John Wiley, New York (1967)
Kolac, U., Donath, M., Ertl, K., Liebl, H., Dose, V.: High-performance GaAs polarized electron source for use in inverse photoemission spectroscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 59, 1933 (1988)
Kopitzki, K.: Einführung in die Festkörperphysik, Teubner Studienbücher (1989)
LaShell, S., McDougall, B.A., Jensen, E.: Spin splitting of an Au(111) surface state band observed with angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3419 (1996)
Linsmeier, C.: Auger electron spectroscopy. Vacuum 45, 673 (1994)
Nicolay, G., Reinert, F., Hüfner, S., Blaha, P.: Spin-orbit splitting of the L-gap surface state on Au(111) and Ag(111). Phys. Rev. B 65, 033407 (2001)
Okuda, T., Kimura, A.: Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission of strongly spin-orbit coupled systems. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 82, 021002 (2013)
Okuda, T., Miyamaoto, K., Miyahara, H., Kuroda, K., Kimura, A., Namatame, H., Taniguchi, M.: Efficient spin resolved spectroscopy observation machine at Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 82, 103302 (2011)
Okuda, T., Takeichi, Y., Maeda, Y., Harasawa, A., Matsuda, I., Kinoshita, T., Kakizaki, A.: A new spin-polarized photoemission spectrometer with very high efficiency and energy resolution. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 123117 (2008)
Paniago, R., Matzdorf, R., Meister, G., Goldmann, A.: Temperature dependence of Shockley-type surface energy bands on Cu(111), Ag(111) and Au(111). Surf. Sci. 336, 113 (1995)
Pendry, J.B.: New probe for unoccupied bands at surfaces. Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 1356 (1980)
Peng, L., Dudarev, S., Whelan, M.: High-Energy Electron Diffraction and Microscopy, Oxford University Press, New York (2011)
Pierce, D.T., Celotta, R.J., Wang, G.C., Unertl, W.N., Galejs, A., Kuyatt, C.E., Mielczarek, S.R.: The GaAs spin polarized electron source. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 51, 478 (1980)
Pierce, D.T., Meier, F.: Photoemission of spin-polarized electrons from GaAs. Phys. Rev. B 13, 5484 (1976)
Polisetty, S., Scheffler, J., Sahoo, S., Wang, Y., Mukherjee, T., He, X., Binek, C.: Optimization of magneto-optical Kerr setup: analyzing experimental assemblies using Jones matrix formalism. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 055107 (2008)
Powell, C.: The quest for universal curves to describe the surface sensitivity of electron spectroscopies. J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 47, 197 (1988)
Rangelov, G., Kang, H.D., Reinmuth, J., Donath, M.: Surface magnetic properties of ultrathin Fe films on W(110) studied by spin-resolved appearance potential spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. B 61, 549 (2000)
Reinert, F.: Spin-orbit interaction in the photoemission spectra of noble metal surface states. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 15, S693 (2003)
Schönhense, G., Heinzmann, U.: A capillary discharge tube for the production of intense VUV resonance radiation. J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 16, 74 (1983)
Smith, N.V.: Inverse photoemission. Rep. Prog. Phys. 51, 1227 (1988)
Stolwijk, S.D.: Die elektronische Struktur von Yttrium-(0001), Diploma thesis, Münster University (2009)
Stolwijk, S.D., Schmidt, A.B., Donath, M.: Surface state with \(d_{z^{2}}\) symmetry at Y(0001): a combined direct and inverse photoemission study. Phys. Rev. B 82, 201412(R) (2010)
Stolwijk, S.D., Wortelen, H., Schmidt, A.B., Donath, M.: Rotatable spin-polarized electron source for inverse-photoemission experiments. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85, 013306 (2014)
Thiede, C.: Über Transmissionsmessungen an CaF\(_2\)-Kristallen im Vakuum-ultravioletten Spektralbereich, Diploma thesis, Münster University (2010)
Winkelmann, A., Hartung, D., Engelhard, H., Chiang, C.T., Kirschner, J.: High efficiency electron spin polarization analyzer based on exchange scattering at Fe/W(001). Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79, 083303 (2008)
Wissing, S.N.P., Eibl, C., Zumbülte, A., Schmidt, A.B., Braun, J., Minár, J., Ebert, H., Donath, M.: Rashba-type spin splitting at Au(111) beyond the Fermi level: the other part of the story. New J. Phys. 15, 105001 (2013)
Yu, D., Math, C., Meier, M., Escher, M., Rangelov, G., Donath, M.: Characterisation and application of a SPLEED-based spin polarisation analyser. Surf. Sci. 601, 5803 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Stolwijk, S.D. (2015). Experiment. In: Spin-Orbit-Induced Spin Textures of Unoccupied Surface States on Tl/Si(111). Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18762-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18762-4_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18761-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18762-4
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)