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Epidemiology and Mechanism of Carcinogenesis of the Retrovirus HIV

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Tropical Hemato-Oncology

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Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by infecting and destroying, through both direct and indirect mechanisms, CD4+ T cells. People with HIV/AIDS have a greatly increased risk for cancer and an increasing of cancer-related mortality. This risk increase primarily reflects failure to adequately control the gammaherpesviruses KSHV and EBV, leading to Kaposi sarcoma and lymphomas, as well as HCV leading to hepatocellular carcinoma and oncogenic HPV leading to cervical and anal cancers. HIV/AIDS also is associated with increased risk of some other cancers, most importantly lung cancer. Controlling HIV with antiretroviral therapy and clinical vigilance for early signs of malignancy can reduce cancer mortality.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    James J. Goedert

  2. Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Hospital, Medical Research Council South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa

    D. Cristina Stefan

  3. Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa

    D. Cristina Stefan

Authors
  1. James J. Goedert
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  2. D. Cristina Stefan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to James J. Goedert .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Oncology, Claude-Bernard-Lyon1 University, Lyon, France

    Jean-Pierre Droz

  2. Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana

    Bernard Carme

  3. Service de dermatologie, Centre hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana

    Pierre Couppié

  4. Guyane, INSERM CIC 1424, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Cayenne, French Guiana

    Mathieu Nacher

  5. Service d’hémato-oncologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France

    Catherine Thiéblemont

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Goedert, J.J., Stefan, D.C. (2015). Epidemiology and Mechanism of Carcinogenesis of the Retrovirus HIV. In: Droz, JP., Carme, B., Couppié, P., Nacher, M., Thiéblemont, C. (eds) Tropical Hemato-Oncology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18257-5_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18257-5_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18256-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18257-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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