Abstract
The main goal of this chapter is based on Bar-Tal’s concept of collective emotional orientation. The purpose is to point out the asymmetric nature of fear vs. hope in guiding people in context of intractable conflicts. Fear as a primary, holistic, and diffusive emotion of automatic origin can easily become a core affect of a collective emotional orientation. In contrast, hope, as an emotion of reflective origin can be shared only if a collective reaches a cognitive consensus about their aims and the types of activities that will lead to their realization. Such a consensus and the dominance of hope over fear in a situation of conflict can happen only if people are able to engage in reflective, evaluative reasoning. It depends on the development of the reflective–evaluative system, which can influence the innate, automatic ones. The duality of the evaluative systems is a necessary condition of the ability to perceive intractable conflicts from different perspectives.
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Jarymowicz, M. (2015). Fear and Hope in Intractable Conflicts: The Automatic vs. Reflective Attributes of Collective Emotional Orientations. In: Halperin, E., Sharvit, K. (eds) The Social Psychology of Intractable Conflicts. Peace Psychology Book Series, vol 27. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17861-5_9
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