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Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease pp 35–47Cite as

Environment, Epigenetic Changes, and Cardiovascular Damage

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Abstract

Environment may significantly interfere with molecular processes eliciting cardiac and vascular disease in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes (DM). Emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic changes, including chromatin remodeling and microRNAs may contribute to explain gene-environment interaction and subsequent dysregulation of key oxidant and inflammatory pathways involved in hyperglycemic stress, maladaptive insulin signaling, and vascular dysfunction. Of note, such gene-activating events occurring in obese or DM subjects may be transmitted to the offspring and anticipate disease phenotypes already in young, normoweight individuals. Interestingly, recent evidence suggest that reprogramming epigenetic networks may contribute to restore vascular homeostasis in this setting. In this chapter, we provide an overview of emerging mechanisms underpinning cardiovascular damage in patients with obesity and diabetes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden

    Francesco Paneni & Francesco Cosentino

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  1. Francesco Paneni
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  2. Francesco Cosentino
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Paneni, F., Cosentino, F. (2015). Environment, Epigenetic Changes, and Cardiovascular Damage. In: Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17762-5_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17762-5_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17761-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17762-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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