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Remodelling of the Cardiac Extracellular Matrix: Role of Collagen Degradation and Accumulation in Pathogenesis of Heart Failure

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Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart Failure: Cause or Effect?

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 13))

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Abstract

The extracellular matrix (ECM) serves a number of functions in every tissue including the myocardium. While the function of ECM as a structural scaffold is well established, it has become increasingly recognized that it plays a number of additional functions including providing a reservoir for growth factors and cytokines allowing their rapid release and activation in response to environmental cues. In addition, components of the ECM are critical in the interstitial transport of numerous molecules and drugs. Therefore, impaired integrity of the ECM would influence multiple aspects of an organ’s structural and function. In the myocardium, the primary component of the ECM network structure is the fibrillar collagens I and III. Multiple steps and various enzymes are involved from collagen mRNA synthesis to collagen fibre formation. Alterations in each step can impact collagen fibre production resulting in an uncoupling between collagen mRNA and protein levels. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in myocardial fibrosis, the disease-dependent nature and consequence of different types of fibrosis, clinical biomarkers of collagen turnover, and potential therapeutic approaches in managing myocardial fibrosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, 474 HMRC, T6G 2S2, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Abhijit Takawale, Mengcheng Shen, Dong Fan & Zamaneh Kassiri

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  1. Abhijit Takawale
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  2. Mengcheng Shen
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  3. Dong Fan
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  4. Zamaneh Kassiri
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Correspondence to Zamaneh Kassiri .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Ian M.C. Dixon

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Jeffrey T. Wigle

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Takawale, A., Shen, M., Fan, D., Kassiri, Z. (2015). Remodelling of the Cardiac Extracellular Matrix: Role of Collagen Degradation and Accumulation in Pathogenesis of Heart Failure. In: Dixon, I., Wigle, J. (eds) Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart Failure: Cause or Effect?. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17437-2_12

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