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Technical Study of a Hybrid Solar–Geothermal Power Plant and Its Application to a Thermal Design Course

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Progress in Clean Energy, Volume 2

Abstract

An energetic model for a hybrid solar–geothermal electric power plant (HSGEPP) is developed to explore the extent to which solar thermal resources can extend and enhance marginal and declining geothermal fields. The model is developed and presented to allow replication in a 4th-year solar engineering thermal design course. The model is applied to a HSGEPP being developed in Turkey, and simulations are run using a typical meteorological year formatted data set. The solar fraction ( f s) of the HSGEPP is equal to the fractional decrease in the geothermal resource usage. The increase in annual f s with the collector field’s solar multiple (M s) is linear up to approximately f s = 0.25 for M s = 1.25, after which the rate of increase in f s begins to decay and f s approaches 0.37 for M s = 5. For M s = 1.25, the monthly solar fraction ranges from 0.05 in December to 0.43 in July.

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Abbreviations

2A:

Two-axis tracking

CST:

Concentrating solar thermal

DNI:

Direct normal insolation or irradiance

EW:

One-axis tracking in east–west direction

GEPP:

Geothermal electric power plant

HCE:

Heat collecting element

HSGEPP:

Hybrid solar–geothermal electric power plant

HTF:

Heat transfer fluid

IAM:

Incidence angle modifier

NS:

One-axis tracking in north–south direction

PTC:

Parabolic trough collector

STE:

Solar thermal electric

TMY2:

Typical meteorological year 2

A coll,o :

Nominal collector area m2

a o a 1, a 2 :

Constants for IAM, units vary and are as shown in Table 1

c geo :

Specific heat capacity for geothermal brine

c o c 1, c 2 :

Constants for L t, units vary and are as shown in Table 1

f :

Fraction

Go,n :

Extraterrestrial normal irradiance W m−2

h fg :

Enthalpy of evaporation kJ kg−1

I :

Insolation Wh m−2

L :

Loss (units vary)

M s :

Solar multiple

n :

Day number

q :

Heat transfer (Wh) or rate of heat transfer (W)

T :

Temperature °C

t :

Time hour with minutes expressed as a fraction

Δt:

Time period hour with minutes expressed as a fraction

εorc :

ORC exergetic efficiency

ϕ:

Latitude o

γ:

Azimuth o

η:

Efficiency fraction or %

θ:

Angle of incidence o

θz :

Solar zenith angle o

ζ:

Error units vary

b:

Beam

coll:

Collector

d:

Diffuse

db:

Dry bulb

dct:

Dry cooling tower

ew:

East–West tracking surface

geo:

Geothermal

inj:

Injection

j:

Type of tracking: 2A EW or NS

h:

ORC hot side

n:

Normal

o:

Maximum or nominal

opt:

Optical

orc:

Organic Rankine cycle

s:

Solar

t:

Thermal

wb:

Wet bulb

wct:

Wet cooling tower

n:

Collector thermal loss exponent

*:

Assumes no night

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported with grants from TUBITAK (7120763) and EU-SFERA (228296). The educational component of this work supports the outreach and dissemination of activities of the EU-Solaris Project (FP7 312833). The authors would like to thank the support of BM Holding, TYT, and YGA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Solar Energy Research and Applications (GÜNAM), Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800, Ankara, Turkey

    Derek K. Baker

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800, Ankara, Turkey

    C. Cihan Özalevli & S. Kazım Sömek

Authors
  1. Derek K. Baker
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  2. C. Cihan Özalevli
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  3. S. Kazım Sömek
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Derek K. Baker .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ontario, Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada

    Ibrahim Dincer

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    C. Ozgur Colpan

  3. Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

    Onder Kizilkan

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    M. Akif Ezan

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Baker, D.K., Özalevli, C.C., Sömek, S.K. (2015). Technical Study of a Hybrid Solar–Geothermal Power Plant and Its Application to a Thermal Design Course. In: Dincer, I., Colpan, C., Kizilkan, O., Ezan, M. (eds) Progress in Clean Energy, Volume 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_58

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_58

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17030-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17031-2

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

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