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Investigation of Heat Storage Performance of a Solar Pond with Potassium Chloride

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Book cover Progress in Clean Energy, Volume 2

Abstract

This chapter concerns an experimental investigation of heat storage performance of a solar pond saturated with potassium chloride. The solar pond consists of potassium chloride water zones. The heat storage zone (HSZ) is formed as saturated brine with potassium chloride to collect and storage reaching the solar radiation. The gradient zone (GZ) is called non-convective zone (NCZ) with various density layers prepared with potassium chloride brine decreasing from HSZ to upper convective zone (UCZ). The layers consist of five different concentrations with a thickness of 10 cm each. These layers form a brine gradient to prevent heat transfer by convection from HSZ and brine layers to UCZ. The brine gradient layers act as an insulator between HSZ and UCZ. UCZ is a clean water layer. Solar radiation is especially absorbed by saturated brine zone through UCZ and NCZ. The mass capacity of the HSZ is approximately 430 kg. The measurements of the temperatures and densities of the layers are obtained by using thermocouples and hydrometers from August to November. The exergy efficiency of saturated potassium chloride brine is defined in terms of heat storage capacity of saturated brine and average representative solar energy. As a result, the maximum and minimum exergy efficiencies of the HSZ are obtained as 25.33 % in August and 9.77 % in November, respectively.

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Abbreviations

A :

Surface area, m2

C :

Specific heat, J/kg K

E :

Total solar energy reaching to the pond, MJ/m2

Ex:

Exergy, J

F :

Absorbed energy fraction at a region of δ-thickness

h :

Solar radiation ratio

HSZ:

Heat storage zone

m :

Mass, kg

NCZ:

Non-convective zone

S :

Entropy, J/K

s :

Salinity

T :

Temperature, °C

UCZ:

Upper convective zone

V :

Volume, m3

δ :

Thickness where long-wave solar energy is absorbed, m

β :

Incident beam entering rate into water

θ :

Angle

ρ :

Density, kg/m3

ψ :

Exergy efficiency

d:

Destruction

g:

Gain

i:

Incident

l:

Loss

r:

Refraction

rec:

Recovered

side:

Side wall

surr:

Surrounding

sys:

System

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Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to University of Cukurova for financial support of this work (Grant No. FEF2012YL12).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of Cukurova, Adana, 01330, Turkey

    Mehmet Karakilcik & Ilker Balkaya

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Adiyaman, Adiyaman, 02040, Turkey

    Ismail Bozkurt

  3. Clean Energy Research Laboratory (CERL), Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), 2000 Simcoe Street, North Oshawa, ON, Canada, L1H 7K4

    Ibrahim Dincer

Authors
  1. Mehmet Karakilcik
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  2. Ismail Bozkurt
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  3. Ilker Balkaya
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  4. Ibrahim Dincer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mehmet Karakilcik .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ontario, Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada

    Ibrahim Dincer

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    C. Ozgur Colpan

  3. Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey

    Onder Kizilkan

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey

    M. Akif Ezan

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Karakilcik, M., Bozkurt, I., Balkaya, I., Dincer, I. (2015). Investigation of Heat Storage Performance of a Solar Pond with Potassium Chloride. In: Dincer, I., Colpan, C., Kizilkan, O., Ezan, M. (eds) Progress in Clean Energy, Volume 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17031-2_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-17030-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-17031-2

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

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