Abstract
In this chapter the concept of discrete-time signals and sampled-data systems implemented on digital hardware versus those of continuous-time signals driving analog systems and processes is introduced early on. The processes of signal sampling and analog signal reconstruction are then investigated, and the Nyquist sampling rate to avoid aliasing is explained by means of Fourier series analysis. Then the Z-transform is introduced as the tool of preference for analysis and synthesis of discrete-time linear, time-invariant systems defined by difference equations in the discrete time domain. A detailed account of the most important and practical continuous-time system mapping techniques to discrete-time ones is then presented. A brief account of digital filter structures and types is also given along with a presentation of the fast Fourier transform algorithm for the calculation of the discrete Fourier transform of discrete-time signals with finite duration admitting periodic expansion. The notions of waveform statistics as encountered in random signals and stochastic processes are then given in order to conclude with the effect on a random signal’s statistics due to its propagation through a linear, time-invariant system. Finally, concepts of optimal signal estimation and the Wiener filter are presented, leading to matched filter and zero-forcing equalizer parametric designs in the discrete-time domain.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- A/D:
-
analog-to-digital
- ARMA:
-
Auto-Regressive Moving Average
- CDF:
-
cumulative distribution function
- D/A:
-
digital-to-analog
- DFT:
-
discrete Fourier transform
- DIF:
-
decimation-in-frequency
- DIT:
-
decimation-in-time
- DSP:
-
Digital Signal Processor
- DTFT:
-
discrete-time Fourier transform
- FFT:
-
fast Fourier transform
- FIR:
-
finite-duration impulse response
- FOH:
-
first-order hold
- HMI:
-
human–machine interface
- IIR:
-
infinite impulse response
infinite-duration impulse response
- LTI:
-
linear time invariant
- MSE:
-
mean squared error
- PDF:
-
probability density function
- PSD:
-
power spectral density
- RC:
-
resistor and capacitor
- RMS:
-
root mean square
- SISO:
-
single-input single-output
- SNR:
-
signal-to-noise ratio
- VLSI:
-
Very Large Scale Integration
- WSS:
-
wide sense stationary
- ZOH:
-
zero order hold
References
J.G. Proakis: Digital Communications, 4th edn. (McGraw-Hill, New York 2000)
J.G. Proakis, D. Manolakis: Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms and Applications, 3rd edn. (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River 1995)
W.A. Kuperman, J.F. Lynch: Shallow-water acoustics, Phys. Today 57(10), 55 (2004)
L. Ljung: System Identification: Theory for the User, 2nd edn. (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River 1999)
H.V. Poor, G.W. Wornell: Wireless Communications: Signal Processing Perspectives (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River 1998)
P.S.R. Diniz: Adaptive Filtering: Algorithms and Practical Implementation, 2nd edn. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2002)
T. Kohonen: Self Organization and Associative Memory, 3rd edn. (Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1989)
R.E. Schapire: The Design and Analysis of Efficient Learning Algorithms (MIT Press, Cambridge 1992)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Xiros, N.I. (2016). Digital Signal Processing. In: Dhanak, M.R., Xiros, N.I. (eds) Springer Handbook of Ocean Engineering. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16649-0_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16649-0_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16648-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16649-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)