Abstract
In the previous chapter, prior to initiating the so to speak legal analysis of the theme, the advent of digital technologies and how they allow new forms of social interplay was covered. Collaborative mechanisms that are made possible through this enhanced social interaction were also examined, and it was possible to point out an economic dimension, in the form of opportunities that emerge both in the form of the sharing drive of the discussed collaboration model, and in the disruption that the creation and introduction of digital technologies may and have been causing in our lives.
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- 1.
Article 15 ICESCR, UN.
- 2.
Dolgin arguments that the main concern of the Statute of Anne, 1710 was not the protection of the creation of authors in itself, but rather the protection of the rights of entrepreneurs, as a rigorously commercial instrument. He stresses that the text did not at all refer to authors or to questions concerning the protection of their creative expression, as such (Dolgin 2012, p. 44).
- 3.
Manifesto. The Gratuity Economy: Retrospective Payment and Group Motivation, p. 29.
- 4.
Ibid.
- 5.
Brussels, 4 March 2014 TAXUD D1/JT Digit/008/2014 Expert Group on Taxation of the Digital Economy Working Paper: Digital Economy—Facts and Figures Meeting to be held on 13–14 March 2014. https://www.bcgperspectives.com/content/articles/media_entertainment_strategic_planning_4_2_trillion_opportunity_internet_economy_g20/.
- 6.
- 7.
European E-commerce Grew by 16 % to €363 Billion in 2013. 6.7.2014. http://www.ecommerce-europe.eu/press/european-e-commerce-grew-by-16-to-363-billion-in-2013.
- 8.
Max Nathan and Anna Rosso with Tom Gatten, Prash Majmudar and Alex Mitchell, Measuring the UK’s Digital Economy with Big Data. National Institute for Economic and Social Research, http://niesr.ac.uk/sites/default/files/publications/SI024_GI_NIESR_Google_Report12.pdf.
- 9.
CREAT-e Schlesinger and Doyle (2014).
- 10.
Ibid.
- 11.
OECD (2010).
- 12.
A Single Market for Intellectual Property Rights Boosting creativity and innovation to provide economic growth, high quality jobs and first class products and services in Europe. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/copyright/docs/ipr_strategy/COM_2011_287_en.pdf.
- 13.
Intellectual property rights intensive industries: contribution to economic performance and employment in the European Union Industry-Level Analysis Report, September 2013. A joint project between the European Patent Office and the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market. http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/intellectual-property/docs/joint-report-epo-ohim-final-version_en.pdf.
- 14.
Ibid., p. 7.
- 15.
Cammaerts et al. (2013), pp. 7–8.
- 16.
Lessig (2006), p. 4.
- 17.
Ibid., p. 61.
- 18.
Ibid., p. 62.
- 19.
Ibid., p. 84.
- 20.
Lucchi (2006), p. 13.
- 21.
Directive 2013/40/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 on attacks against information systems and replacing Council Framework Decision 2005/222/JHA and Council of Europe—ETS No. 185—Convention on Cybercrime.
- 22.
Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market (‘Directive on electronic commerce’).
- 23.
Directive 2011/83/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on consumer rights, amending Council Directive 93/13/EEC and Directive 1999/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Council Directive 85/577/EEC and Directive 97/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.
- 24.
Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, which was already in the process of reform and which had its content controlled by decision C-131/12 of the European Court of Justice, Google Spain SL, Google Inc. v Agencia Española de Protección de Datos, Mario Costeja González.
- 25.
ECJ Joined cases C-585/08 and C-144/09—Pammer v Reederei Karl Schlüter GmbH & KG; Hotel Alpenhof GesmbH v Oliver Heller and Case C-523/10, Wintersteiger AG v Products 4U Sondermaschinenbau GmbH,.
- 26.
Lopez-Tarruella (2012), p. 14.
- 27.
Ibid., p. 8.
- 28.
Information Society Copyright Directive, Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society, Article 5.
- 29.
According to Mylly, the most simplistic approach to this issue would be to consider intellectual property as a fundamental right as such, an elementary reasoning exercise of Article 27(2) of the UDHR, according to which “Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author”. Similar conclusions could be extracted from Article 15(1)(c) of the ICESCR and from Article 17(2) of The EU Charter. This simplification is by far inadequate, since mentioned mechanisms place a positive protection obligation in the States, but with wide margin of appreciation to the scope of implementation (Mylly 2007, p. 197).
- 30.
ECJ. Case C-200/96.
- 31.
Geiger (2009), Chapter 2, p. 48.
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Lucena, C. (2015). Why Does Law Even Care?. In: Collective Rights and Digital Content. SpringerBriefs in Law. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15910-2_3
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