Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Gastric Cancer pp 317–330Cite as

Targeted Therapy and Novel Agents for the Treatment of Gastric Cancer: A View Toward the Future

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 2581 Accesses

Abstract

Multimodal treatment of resectable gastric cancer has been standardized including R0-D2 gastrectomy and adjuvant treatment. For advanced gastric cancer, several molecular agents have been evaluated in well-conducted randomized studies. The most important is represented by trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody, which has shown significant antitumor activity against human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her)-2-positive advanced gastric cancer. Recently it has been established that the HER2 positive subgroup disease benefits from targeted therapy with trastuzumab. However, a substantial fraction of these patients who account for 25 % of all patients develop recurrence while for the remaining 75 % no targeted therapy exists. Therefore, there is now the crucial need for the development of more effective drugs and for the identification of predictive and prognostic biomarkers to select in an appropriate way those patients who will benefit from specific therapies. Nowadays, an alternative is offered by the single agent trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1). T-DMI provides increased therapeutic efficacy in HER2 positive breast cancer setting and we hope that similar results are achieved in HER2 positive gastric cancer. Clinical next generation sequencing (NGS) analyses provides the opportunity for understanding therapeutic resistance mechanism and developing next generation biomarkers and drugs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay G, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61(2):69–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Forman D, Pisani P. Gastric cancer in Japan—honing treatment, seeking causes. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(5):448–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Miao RL, Wu AW. Towards personalized perioperative treatment for advanced gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(33):11586–94

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Kim C, Mulder K, Spratlin J. How prognostic and predictive biomarkers are transforming our understanding and management of advanced gastric cancer. Oncologist. 2014;19:1046–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Kimura Y, Oki E, Yoshida A, et al. Significance of accurate human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) evaluation as a new biomarker in gastric cancer. Anticancer Res. 2014;34(8):4207–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Sano T. Evaluation of the gastric cancer treatment guidelines of the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association. Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. 2010;37(4):582–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Bali CD, Lianos GD, Roukos DH. Gastric cancer guidelines and genome differences between Japan and the west. Future Oncol. 2013;9(8):1053–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Japanese Gastric Cancer Association. Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines (ver. 3). Gastric Cancer. 2010;14(2):113–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sano T, Aiko T. New Japanese classifications and treatment guidelines for gastric cancer: revision concepts and major revised points. Gastric Cancer. 2011;14(2):97–100.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network). National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines; 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Washinqton K. 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual: stomach. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17(12):3077–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Sakuramoto S, Sasako M, Yamaguchi T, et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer with S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(18):1810–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Cunningham D, Allum WH, Stenning SP, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastroesophageal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006;355(1):11–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bang YJ, Van Cutsem E, Feyereislova A, et al. Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a Phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2010;376(9742):687–97.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Macdonald JS, Smalley SR, Benedetti J, et al. Chemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(10):725–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Katsios C, Baltogiannis G, Roukos DH. Progress, challenges and new genome-based concepts in the multidisciplinary treatment of gastric cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2011 Apr;11(4):503–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Roukos DH. Targeting gastric cancer with trastuzumab: new clinical practice and innovative developments to overcome resistance. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010;17(1):14–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Shah MA, Khanin R, Tang LH, et al. Molecular classification of gastric cancer: a new paradigm. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17(9):2693–701.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Meza-Junco J, Au HJ, Sawyer MB. Trastuzumab for gastric cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2009;9(12):1543–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Pinto C, Di Fabio F, Barone C, et al. Phase 2 study of cetuximab in combination with cisplatin and docetaxel in patients with untreated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (DOCETUX study). Br J Cancer. 2009;101(8):1261–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Pinto C, Di Fabio F, Siena S, et al. Phase 2 study of cetuximab in combination with FOLFIRI in patients with untreated advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (FOLCETUX study). Ann Oncol. 2007;18(3):510–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Moehler M, Mueller A, Trarbach T, et al. Cetuximab with irinotecan, folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil as first-line treatment in advanced gastroesophageal cancer: a prospective multi-center biomarker-oriented phase 2 study. Ann Oncol. 2011;22(6):1358–66.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Han SW, Oh DY, Im SA, et al. Phase 2 study and biomarker analysis of cetuximab combined with modified FOLFOX6 in advanced gastric cancer. Br J Cancer. 2009;100(2):298–304.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kim C, Lee JL, Ryu MH, et al. A prospective Phase 2 study of cetuximab in combination with XELOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) in patients with metastatic and/or recurrent advanced gastric cancer. Invest New Drugs. 2011;29(2):366–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Rao S, Starling N, Cunningham D, et al. Matuzumab plus epirubicin, cisplatin and capecitabine (ECX) compared with epirubicin, cisplatin and capecitabine alone as first-line treatment in patients with advanced oesophago-gastric cancer: a randomised, multicentre open-label Phase 2 study. Ann Oncol. 2010;21(11):2213–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Janmaat ML, Gallegos-Ruiz MI, Rodriguez JA et al. Predictive factors for outcome in a Phase 2 study of gefitinib in second-line treatment of advanced esophageal cancer patients. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(10):1612–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Ilson DH, Kelsen D, Shah M, et al. A Phase 2 trial of erlotinib in patients with previously treated squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Cancer. 2011;117(7):1409–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Dragovich T, Mccoy S, Fenoglio-Preiser CM, et al. Phase 2 trial of erlotinib in gastroesophageal junction and gastric adenocarcinomas: SWOG 0127. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(30):4922–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Ferry DR, Anderson M, Beddard K et al. A Phase 2 study of gefitinib monotherapy in advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma: evidence of gene expression, cellular, and clinical response. Clin Cancer Res. 2007;13(19):5869–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Yan M, Parker BA, Schwab R, Kurzrock R. HER2 aberrations in cancer: implications for therapy. Cancer Treat Rev. 2014;40(6):770–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Su X, Zhan P, Gavine PR, Morgan S, et al. FGFR2 amplification has prognostic significance in gastric cancer: results from a large international multicentre study. Br J Cancer. 2014;110(4):967–75

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Cidon EU, Ellis SG, Inam Y, et al. Molecular targeted agents for gastric cancer: a step forward towards personalized therapy. Cancers (Basel). 2013;5(1):64–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Ayyappan S, Prabhakar D, Sharma N. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies in esophagogastric cancer. Anticancer Res. 2013;33(10):4139–55.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Montemurro F, Scaltriti M. Biomarkers of drugs targeting HER-family signalling in cancer. J Pathol. 2014;232(2):219–29.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Van Cutsem E, Bang YJ, Feng-Yi F, et al. HER2 screening data from ToGA: targeting HER2 in gastric and gastroesophageal junctioncancer. Gastric Cancer 2014; Jul 20 [Epub ahead of Print]

    Google Scholar 

  36. Satoh T, Bang YJ, Gotovkin EA, et al. Quality of life in the trastuzumab for gastric cancer trial. Oncologist. 2014;19(7):712–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Gomez-Martín C, Lopez-Rios F, Aparicio J et al. A critical review of HER2-positive gastric cancer evaluation and treatment: from trastuzumab, and beyond. Cancer Lett. 2014;351(1):30–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Kuo CY, Chao Y, Li CP. Update on treatment of gastric cancer. J Chin Med Assoc. 2014;77(7):345–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Aprile G, Giampieri R, Bonotto M et al. The challenge of targeted therapies for gastric cancer patients: the beginning of a long journey. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2014;23(7):925–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Grávalos C, Gómez-Martín C, Rivera F, et al. Phase II study of trastuzumab and cisplatin as first-line therapy in patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. Clin Transl Oncol. 2011;13(3):179–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Safran H, Dipetrillo T, Akerman P, et al. Phase 1/2 study of trastuzumab, paclitaxel, cisplatin and radiation for locally advanced, HER2 overexpressing, esophageal adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;67(2):405–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Roukos DH. Trastuzumab and beyond:sequencing cancer genomes and predicting molecular networks. Pharmacogenomics J. 2011;11(2):81–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Lianos GD, Vlachos K, Zoras O, et al. Potential of antibody-drug conjugates and novel therapeutics in breast cancer management. Onco Targets Ther. 2014;7:491–500.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Iqbal S, Goldman B, Fenoglio-Preiser CM, et al. Southwest oncology group study S0413: a Phase 2 trial of lapatinib (GW572016) as first-line therapy in patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Ann Oncol. 2011. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdr021 (Epub ahead of print).

    Google Scholar 

  45. Hecht J, Urba G, Koehler M, Ellis C. Lapatinib monotherapy in recurrent upper gastrointestinal malignancy: phase 2 efficacy and biomarker analyses. Proc. GI ASCO 43 (2008) (Abstract 43).

    Google Scholar 

  46. Lee W, Patel JH, Lockhart AC. Novel targets in esophageal and gastric cancer: beyond antiangiogenesis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2009;18(9):1351–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Iwasaki J, Nihira S. Anti-angiogenic therapy against gastrointestinal tract cancers. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2009;39(9):543–51

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Shah MA, Jhawer M, Ilson DH, et al. Phase 2 study of modified docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil with bevacizumab in patients with metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(7):868–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Shah MA, Ramanathan RK, Ilson DH, et al. Multicenter phase 2 study of irinotecan cisplatin, and bevacizumab in patients with metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24(33):5201–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. El-Rayes BF, Zalupski M, Bekai-Saab T, et al. A Phase 2 study of bevacizumab, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel in locally advanced and metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. Ann Oncol. 2010;21(10):1999–2004.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Enzinger P, Ryan D, Regan E. Phase 2 trial of docetaxel, cisplatin, irinotecan, and bevacizumab in metastatic esophagogastric cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(4552), (Abstract 97).

    Google Scholar 

  52. Kang YOA, Van Cutsem E, et al. AVAGAST: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 study of first-line capecitabine and cisplatin plus bevacizumab or placebo in patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer (AGC). J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(Suppl 18), (Abstract LBA4007).

    Google Scholar 

  53. Han K, Jin J, Maia M, et al. Lower exposure and faster clearance of bevacizumab in gastric cancer and the impact of patient variables: analysis of individual data from AVAGAST phase III trial. AAPS J. 2014;16(5):1056–63.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Knox J, Wong R, Darling G, et al. Adjuvant sunitinib (Su) for locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC): results of a Phase 2 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(Suppl), (Abstract 4091).

    Google Scholar 

  55. Sun W, Powell M, O’dwyer PJ, Catalano P, Ansari RH, Benson AB. Phase 2 study of sorafenib in combination with docetaxel and cisplatin in the treatment of metastatic or advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: ECOG 5203. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(18):2947–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Kim C, Lee JL, Choi Y, et al. Phase 1 dose-finding study of sorafenib in combination with capecitabine and cisplatin as a first-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Invest New Drugs. 2012;30(1):306–15. doi:10.1007/s10637-010-9531-2 (Epub ahead of print).

    Google Scholar 

  57. Ilson D, Janjigian Y, Shah M. Phase 2 trial of sorafenib in esophageal (E) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer: Response observed in adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(Suppl 4), (Abstract 41).

    Google Scholar 

  58. Pazo Cid RA, Antón A. Advanced HER2-positive gastric cancer: current and future targeted therapies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2013;85(3):350–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Wagner AD, Unverzagt S, Grothe W, et al. Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;17(3):CD004064.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Bang Y-J, Kim Y-W, Yang H-K, et al. Adjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin for gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy (CLASSIC): a phase 3 open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;379(9813):315–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Abecasis GR, Auton A, Brooks LD, et al. 1000 Genomes Project Consortium. An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes. Nature. 2012;491(7422):56–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Dunham I, Kundaje A, Aldred SF, et al. ENCODE project consortium. An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature. 2012;489(7414):57–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Maurano MT, Humbert R, Rynes E, et al. Systematic localization of common disease-associated variation in regulatory DNA. Science. 2012;337(6099):1190–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Gerstein MB, Kundaje A, Hariharan M, et al. Architecture of the human regulatory network derived from ENCODE data. Nature. 2012;489(7414):91–100.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Neph S, Vierstra J, Stergachis AB, et al. An expansive human regulatory lexicon encoded in transcription factor footprints. Nature. 2012;489(7414):83–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Sanyal A, Lajoie B, Jain G, Dekker J. The long-range interaction landscape of gene promoters. Nature. 2012;489(7414):109–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Yosef N, Shalek AK, Gaublomme JT, et al. Dynamic regulatory network controlling TH17 cell differentiation. Nature. 2013;496(7446):461–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Stamatoyannopoulos JA. What does our genome encode? Genome Res. 2012;22(9):1602–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Neph S, Stergachis AB, Reynolds A, Sandstrom R, Borenstein E, Stamatoyannopoulos JA. Circuitry and dynamics of human transcription factor regulatory networks. Cell. 2012;150(6):1274–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Cheng TM, Gulati S, Agius R, Bates PA. Understanding cancer mechanisms through network dynamics. Brief Funct Genomics. 2012;11(6):543–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Ku CS, Roukos DH. From next-generation sequencing to nanopore sequencing technology: paving the way to personalized genomic medicine. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2013;10(1):1–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Heinz S, Romanoski CE, Benner C, et al. Effect of natural genetic variation on enhancer selection and function. Nature. 2013;503(7477):487–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Hindorff LA, Sethupathy P, Junkins HA, et al. Potential etiologic and functional implications of genome-wide association loci for human diseases and traits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106:9362–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Roukos DH, Baltogiannis GG, Baltogiannis G. Mapping inherited and somatic variation in regulatory DNA: new roadmap for common disease clinical discoveries. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2013;13(6):519–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Maurano MT, Humbert R, Rynes E, et al. Systematic localization of common disease-associated variation in regulatory DNA. Science. 2012;337(6099):1190–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Roukos DH. Cancer heterogeneity and signaling network-based drug target. Pharmacogenomics. 2013;14(11):1243–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Gerstein MB, Kundaje A, Hariharan M, et al. Architecture of the human regulatory network derived from ENCODE data. Nature. 2012;489(7414):91–100.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Neph S, Stergachis AB, Reynolds A, Sandstrom R, Borenstein E, Stamatoyannopoulos JA. Circuitry and dynamics of human transcription factor regulatory networks. Cell. 2012;150(6):1274–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. ENCODE Project Consortium, Bernstein BE, Birney E, Dunham I, Green ED, Gunter C, Snyder M. An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature. 2012;489(7414):57–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Sanyal A, Lajoie B, Jain G, Dekker J. The long-range interaction landscape of gene promoters. Nature. 2012;489(7414):109–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Cheng TM, Gulati S, Agius R, Bates PA. Understanding cancer mechanisms through network dynamics. Brief Funct Genomics. 2012;11(6):543–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Ball P. DNA: celebrate the unknowns. Nature. 2013;496(7446):419–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Roukos DH. Genome network medicine: new diagnostics and predictive tools. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2013;13(7):643–6

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Comprehensive molecular characterization of human colon and rectal cancer. Nature. 2012;487:330–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. International Cancer Genome Consortium, Hudson TJ, Anderson W, Artez A, et al. International network of cancer genome projects. Nature. 2010;464(7291):993–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Heppner GH. Tumor heterogeneity. Cancer Res. 1984;44:2259–65.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. The hallmarks of cancer. Cell. 2000;100:57–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Wood LD, Parsons DW, Jones S. The genomic landscapes of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science. 2007;318:1108–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Jones S, Zhang X, Parsons DW. Core signaling pathways in human pancreatic cancers revealed by global genomic analyses. Science. 2008;321:1801–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Valid concerns. Nature 2010;463:401–2.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Goldstein DB. 2020 visions personalized medicine. Nature. 2010;463:27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. General Surgery and Centre for Biosystems and Genomic Network Medicine, University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece

    Georgios D. Lianos MD & Dimitrios H. Roukos MD, PhD

  2. General Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese-Como, Italy

    Alberto Mangano MD

  3. Department of Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

    Stefano Rausei MD, PhD

  4. Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Ioannina, Greece

    Aikaterini Lianou MD & Zoi Anastasiadi MD

  5. Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

    Gianlorenzo Dionigi MD, FACS

Authors
  1. Georgios D. Lianos MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alberto Mangano MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Stefano Rausei MD, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Aikaterini Lianou MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zoi Anastasiadi MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Gianlorenzo Dionigi MD, FACS
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Dimitrios H. Roukos MD, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dimitrios H. Roukos MD, PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Gastric and Mixed Tumor Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA

    Vivian E. Strong

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lianos, G. et al. (2015). Targeted Therapy and Novel Agents for the Treatment of Gastric Cancer: A View Toward the Future. In: Strong, V. (eds) Gastric Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15826-6_24

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15826-6_24

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-15825-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-15826-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation