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SQUID Detectors of Magnetic Flux

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Introduction to Quantum Metrology

Abstract

This chapter presents the principles of operation and design of superconducting quantum interference devices, known under the acronym SQUID. RF-SQUIDs, which have a single Josephson junction in a closed magnetic circuit and are biased with radio-frequency signal, are discussed with their parameters provided. At much greater length we discuss DC-SQUIDs, which have two Josephson junctions and are biased with direct current. The equation describing the conversion of the magnetic flux to the output voltage is derived for both the RF- and DC-SQUIDs. We analyze the energy resolution of SQUIDs, citing the record resolution of the DC-SQUID, equal to 0.5h. We provide many examples of SQUID-based measurement systems, including systems for biomagnetic studies, non-destructive evaluation (NDE) systems and noise thermometers for the measurement of very low temperatures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland

    Waldemar Nawrocki

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  1. Waldemar Nawrocki
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Correspondence to Waldemar Nawrocki .

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Nawrocki, W. (2015). SQUID Detectors of Magnetic Flux. In: Introduction to Quantum Metrology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15669-9_5

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