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Dynamic Mapping of the Human Brain by Time-Resolved NIRS Techniques

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Book cover Advanced Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting Applications

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Chemical Physics ((CHEMICAL,volume 111))

Abstract

Dynamic mapping of the human brain by time-resolved near-infrared-spectroscopy (trNIRS), or functional NIRS (fNIRS), is based on the injection of picosecond or sub-nanosecond laser pulses into the head and the measurement of the pulse shape and the intensity after diffusion through the tissue. By analysing the pulse shape and the intensity of the signals at different detector and source positions and different wavelengths, changes in the oxy- and deoxy-haemoglobin concentration are obtained for extracerebral and intracerebral tissue layers and for different depth in the brain. The technique can by combined with the injection of a bolus of an exogenous absorber. By recording either absorption or fluorescence, the in- and outflow of the absorber in different brain compartments can be monitored. The in- and outflow dynamics reveal differences in the blood flow caused by impaired perfusion or stroke. In this chapter, we describe the technical principle of TCSPC-based fNIRS and the associated data processing techniques. Typical results are shown for the haemodynamic response of the brain on visual-cortex stimulation, and for brain perfusion measurement by ICG bolus injection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland

    Adam Liebert, Michal Kacprzak, Daniel Milej, Piotr Sawosz & Roman Maniewski

  2. Becker & Hickl GmbH, Berlin, Germany

    Wolfgang Becker

  3. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw, Poland

    Anna Gerega

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  1. Adam Liebert
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    Wolfgang Becker

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Liebert, A. et al. (2015). Dynamic Mapping of the Human Brain by Time-Resolved NIRS Techniques. In: Becker, W. (eds) Advanced Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting Applications. Springer Series in Chemical Physics, vol 111. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14929-5_17

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