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What are internal variables? A. Berezovski answers

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Abstract

Internal structures (microstructures) appear in solids at different length scales. Generally speaking, their influence on the macromotion can be understood and measured on the macrolevel. However, “there is no unique answer to the question how the microstructure influence can be accounted for in a continuum mechanical model” [132]. In addition, thermodynamical constraints should be taken into account, which is not obvious in many theories. In the previous section, heterogeneity is linked to the real microstructure, like “cells” in the Mindlin theory. One possibility to bring thermodynamics directly into modelling of dynamical phenomena is provided by the concept of internal variables. The idea of internal variables can be traced back to P. Duhem, P. Bridgman and J. Kestin (see historical overview in [161]). A contemporary presentation of the formalism of internal variables is presented by Maugin [154] and Maugin and Muschik [163].

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  1. Centre for Nonlinear Studies (CENS), Tallinn University of Technology Institute of Cybernetics, Tallinn, Estonia

    Jüri Engelbrecht

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Engelbrecht, J. (2015). What are internal variables? A. Berezovski answers. In: Questions About Elastic Waves. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14791-8_4

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