Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Management of Calculi in Patients with Congenital Neuropathic Bladder

  • Chapter
Transition and Lifelong Care in Congenital Urology

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a common disease with the lifetime prevalence estimated to be between 10 and 15 % [19, 53]. Patients with congenital urologic disorders such as myelomeningocele (MMC), bladder exstrophy, and posterior urethral valves (PUV) represent a special population with regard to urolithiasis. These patients are at an increased risk of stone formation due to a variety of reasons including: bladder dysfunction, urinary tract reconstruction, urinary tract infections (UTIs), obesity, and osteodystrophy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Abbott KC, Schenkman N, Swanson SJ, Agodoa LY. Hospitalized nephrolithiasis after renal transplantation in the United States. Am J Transplant. 2003;3(4):465–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Alsinnawi M, Torreggiani WC, Flynn R, McDermott TE, Grainger R, Thornhill JA. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in adult patients with spina bifida, severe spinal deformity and large renal stones. Ir J Med Sci. 2013;182(3):357–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Chao R, Clowers D, Mayo ME. Fate of upper urinary tracts in patients with indwelling catheters after spinal cord injury. Urology. 1993;42(3):259–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, Stampfer MJ. Body size and risk of kidney stones. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9(9):1645–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Daudon M, Lacour B, Jungers P. Influence of body size on urinary stone composition in men and women. Urol Res. 2006;34(3):193–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Deliveliotis C, Picramenos D, Kostakopoulos A, Stavropoulos NI, Alexopoulou K, Karagiotis E. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in paraplegic and quadriplegic patients. Int Urol Nephrol. 1994;26(2):151–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Demirel F, Cakan M, Yalçinkaya F, Demirel AC, Aygün A, Altuğ UU. Percutaneous suprapubic cystolithotripsy approach: for whom? Why? J Endourol. 2006;20(6):429–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Docimo SG, Orth CR, Schulam PG. Percutaneous cystolithotomy after augmentation cystoplasty: comparison with open procedures. Tech Urol. 1998;4(1):43–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Dosa NP, Foley JT, Eckrich M, Woodall-Ruff D, Liptak GS. Obesity across the lifespan among persons with spina bifida. Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31(11):914–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Ekeruo WO, Tan YH, Young MD, Dahm P, Maloney ME, Mathias BJ, et al. Metabolic risk factors and the impact of medical therapy on the management of nephrolithiasis in obese patients. J Urol. 2004;172(1):159–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ferreira Cassini M, Cologna AJ, Ferreira Andrade M, Lima GJ, Medeiros Albuquerque U, Pereira Martins AC, et al. Lithiasis in 1,313 kidney transplants: incidence, diagnosis, and management. Transplant Proc. 2012;44(8):2373–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Gobet R, Weber D, Renzulli P, Kellenberger C. Long-term follow up (37–69 years) of patients with bladder exstrophy treated with ureterosigmoidostomy: uro-nephrological outcome. J Pediatr Urol. 2009;5(3):190–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Gros DA, Thakkar RN, Lakshmanan Y, Ruffing V, Kinsman SL, Docimo SG. Urolithiasis in spina bifida. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 1998;8 Suppl 1:68–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Hall PM. Nephrolithiasis: treatment, causes, and prevention. Cleve Clin J Med. 2009;76(10):583–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Hamid R, Robertson WG, Woodhouse CR. Comparison of biochemistry and diet in patients with enterocystoplasty who do and do not form stones. BJU Int. 2008;101(11):1427–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Heikkilä J, Holmberg C, Kyllönen L, Rintala R, Taskinen S. Long-term risk of end stage renal disease in patients with posterior urethral valves. J Urol. 2011;186(6):2392–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Hensle TW, Lam BJ, Shabsigh A. Preventing reservoir calculi after augmentation cystoplasty and continence urinary diversion: the influence of an irrigation protocol. BJU Int. 2004;93:585–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Jamison J, Maguire S, McCann J. Catheter policies for management of long term voiding problems in adults with neurogenic bladder disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;11, CD004375.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Johnson CM, Wilson DM, O’Fallon WM, Malek RS, Kurland LT. Renal stone epidemiology: a 25-year study in Rochester, Minnesota. Kidney Int. 1979;16(5):624–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Kaefer M, Pabby A, Kelly M, Darbey M, Bauer SB. Improved bladder function after prophylactic treatment of the high risk neurogenic bladder in newborns with myelomeningocele. J Urol. 1999;162(3 Pt 2):1068–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kamal MM, El-Hefnawy AS, Soliman S, Shokeir AA, Ghoneim MA. Impact of posterior urethral valves on pediatric renal transplantation: a single-center comparative study of 297 cases. Pediatr Transplant. 2011;15(5):482–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Khositseth S, Gillingham KJ, Cook ME, Chavers BM. Urolithiasis after kidney transplantation in pediatric recipients: a single center report. Transplantation. 2004;78(9):1319–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Klingler HC, Kramer G, Lodde M, Marberger M. Urolithiasis in allograft kidneys. Urology. 2002;59(3):344–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kumar R, Singhal N, Gupta M, Kapoor R, Mahapatra AK. Evaluation of clinico-urodynamic outcome of bladder dysfunction after surgery in children with spinal dysraphism—a prospective study. Acta Neurochir. 2008;150:129–37.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Liptak GS, Garver K, Dosa NP. Spina Bifida Grown Up. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2013;34(3):206–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Maalouf NM, Sakhaee K, Parks JH, Coe FL, Adams-Huet B, Pak CY. Association of urinary pH with body weight in nephrolithiasis. Kidney Int. 2004;65(4):1422–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Mandel N, Mandel I, Fryjoff K, Rejniak T, Mandel G. Conversion of calcium oxalate to calcium phosphate with recurrent stone episodes. J Urol. 2003;169(6):2026–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Manohar T, Jain P, Desai M. Supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy: effective approach to high-risk and morbidly obese patients. J Endourol. 2007;21(1):44–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Matlaga BR, Shah OD, Zagoria RJ, Dyer RB, Streem SB, Assimos DG. Computerized tomography guided access for percutaneous nephrostolithotomy. J Urol. 2003;170(1):45–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Miller DC, Park JM. Percutaneous cystolithotomy using a laparoscopic entrapment sac. Urology. 2003;62:333–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Mitsui T, Minami K, Furuno T, Morita H, Koyanagi T. Is suprapubic cystostomy an optimal urinary management in high quadriplegics? A comparative study of suprapubic cystostomy and clean intermittent catheterization. Eur Urol. 2000;38(4):434–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Murphy KP, Boutin SA, Ide KR. Cerebral palsy, neurogenic bladder, and outcomes of lifetime care. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012;54(10):945–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Nabbout P, Slobodov G, Mellis AM, Culkin DJ. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in spinal cord neuropathy patients: a single institution experience. J Endourol. 2012;26(12):1610–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Niedrach WL, Davis RS, Tonetti FW, Cockett AT. Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy in patients with spinal cord dysfunction. Urology. 1991;38(2):152–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Nuininga JE, Feitz WF, van Dael KC, de Gier RP, Cornelissen EA. Urological complications in pediatric renal transplantation. Eur Urol. 2001;39(5):598–602.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Nurse DE, McInerney PD, Thomas PJ, Mundy AR. Stones in enterocystoplasties. Br J Urol. 1996;77:684–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Ojetti V, Bruno G, Paolucci V, Triarico S, D'aversa F, Ausili E, et al. The prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and methane production in patients with myelomeningocele and constipation. Spinal Cord. 2014;52(1):61–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Okurowska-Zawada B, Konstantynowicz J, Kułak W, Kaczmarski M, Piotrowska-Jastrzebska J, Sienkiewicz D, et al. Assessment of risk factors for osteoporosis and fractures in children with meningomyelocele. Adv Med Sci. 2009;54(2):247–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Ord J, Lunn D, Reynard J. Bladder management and risk of bladder stone formation in spinal cord injured patients. J Urol. 2003;170(5):1734–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Ost MC, Lee BR. Urolithiasis in patients with spinal cord injuries: risk factors, management, and outcomes. Curr Opin Urol. 2006;16:93–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Parkhouse HF, Barratt TM, Dillon MJ, Duffy PG, Fay J, Ransley PG, et al. Long-term outcome of boys with posterior urethral valves. Br J Urol. 1988;62(1):59–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Patel J, Walker JL, Talwalkar VR, Iwinski HJ, Milbrandt TA. Correlation of spine deformity, lung function, and seat pressure in spina bifida. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011;469(5):1302–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Powell CR, Stoller ML, Schwartz BF, Kane C, Gentle DL, Bruce JE, et al. Impact of body weight on urinary electrolytes in urinary stone formers. Urology. 2000;55(6):825–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Quan A, Adams R, Ekmark E, Baum M. Bone mineral density in children with myelomeningocele. Pediatrics. 1998;102(3):E34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Quan A, Adams R, Ekmark E, Baum M. Bone mineral density in children with myelomeningocele: effect of hydrochlorothiazide. Pediatr Nephrol. 2003;18(9):929–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Raj GV, Bennett RT, Preminger GM, King LR, Wiener JS. The incidence of nephrolithiasis in patients with spinal neural tube defects. J Urol. 1999;162(3 Pt 2):1238–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Ramsey S, McIlhenny C. Evidence-based management of upper tract urolithiasis in the spinal cord-injured patient. Spinal Cord. 2011;49(9):948–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Rubenstein JN, Gonzalez CM, Blunt LW, Clemens JQ, Nadler RB. Safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Urology. 2004;63(4):636–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Sakhaee K, Adams-Huet B, Moe OW, Pak CY. Pathophysiologic basis for normouricosuric uric acid nephrolithiasis. Kidney Int. 2002;62(3):971–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Schwartz BF, Stoller ML. The vesical calculus. Urol Clin North Am. 2000;27(2):333–46.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Shaw NJ, White CP, Fraser WD, Rosenbloom L. Osteopenia in cerebral palsy. Arch Dis Child. 1994;71(3):235–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Siener R, Glatz S, Nicolay C, Hesse A. The role of overweight and obesity in calcium oxalate stone formation. Obes Res. 2004;12(1):106–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Sierakowski R, Finlayson B, Landes RR, Finlayson CD, Sierakowski N. The frequency of urolithiasis in hospital discharge diagnoses in the United States. Invest Urol. 1978;15(6):438–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Silver RI, Gros DA, Jeffs RD, Gearhart JP. Urolithiasis in the exstrophy-epispadias complex. J Urol. 1997;158(3 Pt 2):1322–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Spettel S, Shah P, Sekhar K, Herr A, White MD. Using Hounsfield unit measurement and urine parameters to predict uric acid stones. Urology. 2013;82(1):22–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Stephany HA, Clayton DB, Tanaka ST, Thomas JC, Pope 4th JC, Brock 3rd JW, et al. Development of upper tract stones in patients with congenital neurogenic bladder. J Pediatr Urol. 2014;10(1):112–7.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Stewart AF, Adler M, Byers CM, Segre GV, Broadus AE. Calcium homeostasis in immobilization: an example of resorptive hypercalciuria. N Engl J Med. 1982;306(19):1136–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Stöhrer M, Blok B, Castro-Diaz D, Chartier-Kastler E, Del Popolo G, Kramer G, et al. EAU guidelines on neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. Eur Urol. 2009;56(1):81–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Stravodimos KG, Adamis S, Tyritzis S, Georgios Z, Constantinides CA. Renal transplant lithiasis: analysis of our series and review of the literature. J Endourol. 2012;26(1):38–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Symons S, Biyani CS, Bhargava S, Irvine HC, Ellingham J, Cartledge J, et al. Challenge of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with spinal neuropathy. Int J Urol. 2006;13(7):874–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Taylor EN, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC. Obesity, weight gain, and the risk of kidney stones. JAMA. 2005;293(4):455–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Veenboer PW, Ruud Bosch JL, van Asbeck FW, de Kort LM. Urolithiasis in adult spina bifida patients: study in 260 patients and discussion of the literature. Int Urol Nephrol. 2013;45(3):695–702.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Worley G, Wiener JS, George TM, Fuchs HE, Mackey JF, Fitch RD, et al. Acute abdominal symptoms and signs in children and young adults with spina bifida: ten years’ experience. J Pediatr Surg. 2001;36(9):1381–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Wu HY, Baskin LS, Kogan BA. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction due to myelomeningocele: neonatal versus childhood treatment. J Urol. 1997;157(6):2295–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue Q10-1, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA

    Robert D. Brown M.D. & Manoj Monga M.D.

Authors
  1. Robert D. Brown M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Manoj Monga M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manoj Monga M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Genitourinary Reconstruction, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Hadley M. Wood

  2. Adolescent and Reconstructive Urology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom

    Dan Wood

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Brown, R.D., Monga, M. (2015). Management of Calculi in Patients with Congenital Neuropathic Bladder. In: Wood, H., Wood, D. (eds) Transition and Lifelong Care in Congenital Urology. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14042-1_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14042-1_15

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-14041-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-14042-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation