Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a dysregulation of cellular degradation system. An accumulation of misfolded proteins has been founded in the brains of parkinsonian patients, causing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and leading to a progressive neurodegeneration. Autophagy plays an important role in the progression of PD. In this chapter, we analyze the relationship of different types of autophagy (microautophagy, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and macroautophagy) with the oxidative stress and with several proteins involved in PD, showing deregulation of these degradative processes when these proteins are mutated. Also, we show a possible therapeutic alternative based on autophagy inducers that might be a potential drug for PD treatment.
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Abbreviations
- ARE:
-
Antioxidant response element
- Atgs:
-
Autophagy-related genes
- AV:
-
Autophagic vacuole
- CCCP:
-
Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone
- Δψm:
-
Mitochondrial membrane potential
- ΔN-PINK1:
-
Cleaved PINK1
- CMA:
-
Chaperone mediated autophagy
- CNS:
-
Central nervous system
- COR:
-
C-terminal of ROC
- DA:
-
Dopamine
- ER:
-
Endoplasmic reticulum
- ERK:
-
Extracellular signal-regulatde kinase
- Fbxo7:
-
F-box protein 7
- FCCP:
-
Carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone
- FL-PINK1:
-
Full-length PINK1; GSH, glutathione
- Hsc70:
-
Heat-shock cognate 70
- Hsp90:
-
Heat shock proteins 90
- JDP2:
-
Jun dimerization protein 2
- Keap1:
-
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
- L-DOPA:
-
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
- LAMP2A :
-
Lysosomal associated membrane protein-2A
- LB:
-
Lewy body
- LC3:
-
Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
- LRR:
-
Leucine-rich repeat
- LRRK2:
-
Leucine rich-repeat-kinase 2
- MAO-B:
-
monoamine oxidase B
- MAPK:
-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MafK:
-
v-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog K
- Mfn:
-
Mitofusin
- MPP+ :
-
1-methyl-7-phenylpyridine
- MPTP:
-
1-methyl–4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahidropyridine
- mTOR:
-
Mammalian target of rapamycin
- NK-B:
-
Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells
- NRF-1:
-
Nuclear respiratory factor 1
- Nrf2:
-
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived)-like 2
- 6-OHDA:
-
6-hidroxydopamine
- PARL:
-
Presenilin-associated rhomboid-like
- PARIS:
-
Parkin interacting substrate
- PARL:
-
Presenelin-associated rhomboid-like
- PBR:
-
Ring-in-between-ring; PD, Parkinson’s disease
- PGC-1α:
-
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
- PI3K:
-
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase
- PINK1:
-
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced kinase 1
- PP2A:
-
Protein phosphatase type 2A
- PQ:
-
Paraquat
- RING:
-
Really interesting new gene domain
- ROC:
-
Ras of complex proteins
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SMAF:
-
Small Maf proteins
- SMERs:
-
Small molecule enhancers of rapamycin
- α-syn:
-
α-synuclein
- TFAM:
-
Mitochondrial transcription factor A
- ULK1:
-
Unc-51-like kinase
- UPS:
-
Ubiquitin proteasome system
- UCH-L1:
-
Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1
- VDAC:
-
Voltage-dependent anion channel
- WT:
-
Wild type
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González-Polo, R., Gómez-Sánchez, R., Pizarro-Estrella, E., Yakhine-Diop, S., Rodríguez-Arribas, M., Fuentes, J. (2015). Control of Autophagy in Parkinson’s Disease. In: Fuentes, J. (eds) Toxicity and Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Current Topics in Neurotoxicity, vol 9. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13939-5_6
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