Abstract
Nanostructured metal surfaces can be used as high-efficiency substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). For this purpose, laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) were generated by illuminating silver and copper substrates with pulses of a 1-kHz Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser and second harmonic generation (SHG). We report on the details of the structuring experiments and the application of the metallic nanogratings to the SERS of selected types of biomolecules like DNA (herring sperm) and protein molecules (egg albumen) (Messaoudi et al. Proc. SPIE 8972: 8972-17, 2014). Maximum enhancement was detected for Ag substrates processed with at the SHG wavelength of 400 nm and structure periods at a comparable scale. In contrast to that, long-period ripples induced at the fundamental wavelength of 800 nm were found to show the highest enhancement for copper substrates. As a possible explanation we assume an additional significant influence of nanoparticles deposited on the surface. A structuring speed in the range of 0.125 mm2/s was obtained. The surface quality was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. As a probably significant factor for the functionality, the chemical modifications of the metal structures were studied as well. The analysis of the vibration spectra indicates that the generation of LIPSS in air leads to thin oxidation layers which may improve the biocompatibility of the nanostructures. The better insight into the complex mechanisms of laser-induced nanostructure formation is expected to further stimulate neighboring fields of applications of functionalized surfaces like photocatalysis, photovoltaics or biomedicine.
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Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank T. Elsaesser (MBI, Berlin) and W. Seeber (Otto Schott Institute, Jena). The work was financially supported by DFG (project GR 1782/12-2). Figures are presented with permission of the SPIE—international society for optics and photonics.
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Messaoudi, H. et al. (2015). Femtosecond-Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Biomolecules. In: Sakabe, S., Lienau, C., Grunwald, R. (eds) Progress in Nonlinear Nano-Optics. Nano-Optics and Nanophotonics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12217-5_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12217-5_12
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