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Reductive Decolorization of Azo Dye by Bacteria

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Microbial Degradation of Synthetic Dyes in Wastewaters

Part of the book series: Environmental Science and Engineering ((ENVSCIENCE))

Abstract

Archaeological studies have found the application of colorants in cliff and cave paintings by prehistoric human ancestors. Inorganic pigments include soot, ochre, manganese oxide and hematite, while organic colorants contain kermes from Kermes vermilio, alizarin from madder and indigo from natural origins. Then in 1856 William Henry Perkin, an 18 year old English chemist, accidentally discovered the world’s first synthetic dye in his attempt to synthesize the antimalarial drug quinine. The bluish substance with excellent dyeing properties was later known as mauveine or aniline purple. Since then, more than ten thousand synthetic dyes were developed and the use of synthetic dyestuffs has now far exceeded natural dyestuffs by the end of 19th century (Robinson et al., Bioresour Technol 77:247–255, 2001). It was suggested that more than 105 different commercial dyes and over 7 × 105 metric tons of dyestuffs are produced every year worldwide (Supaka et al., Chem Eng J 99:169–176, 2004).

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Acknowledgement

The authors appreciated National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51008044) and Mrs Rong Li for supporting us to finish this review.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Guangfei Liu, Jiti Zhou, Jing Wang, Xin Zhang, Bin Dong & Ning Wang

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Correspondence to Guangfei Liu .

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  1. Plant Ecology and Environmental Science Division, CSIR - National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shree Nath Singh

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Liu, G., Zhou, J., Wang, J., Zhang, X., Dong, B., Wang, N. (2015). Reductive Decolorization of Azo Dye by Bacteria. In: Singh, S. (eds) Microbial Degradation of Synthetic Dyes in Wastewaters. Environmental Science and Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10942-8_5

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