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Efficient Mineral Nutrition: Genetic Improvement of Phosphate Uptake and Use Efficiency in Crops

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Nutrient Use Efficiency in Plants

Part of the book series: Plant Ecophysiology ((KLEC,volume 10))

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plants, the lack of which can be a major constraint for agricultural productivity. Economic, political and environmental factors have prioritized the need for research on P acquisition efficiency (PAE), P utilization efficiency (PUE) and P fertiliser uptake efficiency in crops. P has critical functions in plants and complex interactions in soils. Appropriate screening approaches and implications of improvement in crop production are discussed. P acquisition is mediated by members of phosphate transporter families and the roles of these phosphate transporters as well as enzymes involved in P partitioning and re-translocation are complex. There is also a critical importance of regulatory genes including transcription factors, signalling pathways and apparently other P-responsive genes with unknown function. Furthermore, morphological and biochemical responses enhance P solubility in the soil and facilitate uptake and include root plasticity, secretion processes and symbioses. Exploitation of genetic variation, classical breeding and biotechnological gene modification of target genes are future routes for crop improvement. There is a need for selection not just for uptake but also focussing on P storage pools within cells and tissues, and additionally a consideration of crop P requirements during the different growth stages of crops. The review concludes with a summary giving an outlook to future questions related to crop PAE/PUE improvement.

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Acknowledgements

Work at Rothamsted Research is supported via the 20:20 Wheat® Programme by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. The contribution of A. Gruen was supported by which received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 264296.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, Hertfordshire, UK

    Astrid Gruen, Peter Buchner & Malcolm J. Hawkesford

  2. Plant Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK

    Martin R. Broadley

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  1. Astrid Gruen
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  2. Martin R. Broadley
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  3. Peter Buchner
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  4. Malcolm J. Hawkesford
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Correspondence to Malcolm J. Hawkesford .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom

    Malcolm J. Hawkesford

  2. Botanical Institute, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

    Stanislav Kopriva

  3. Laboratory of Plant Physiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Luit J. De Kok

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Gruen, A., Broadley, M.R., Buchner, P., Hawkesford, M.J. (2014). Efficient Mineral Nutrition: Genetic Improvement of Phosphate Uptake and Use Efficiency in Crops. In: Hawkesford, M., Kopriva, S., De Kok, L. (eds) Nutrient Use Efficiency in Plants. Plant Ecophysiology, vol 10. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10635-9_4

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