Skip to main content

Data Preparation Basic Models

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Intelligent Systems Reference Library ((ISRL,volume 72))

Abstract

The basic preprocessing steps carried out in Data Mining convert real-world data to a computer readable format. An overall overview related to this topic is given in Sect. 3.1. When there are several or heterogeneous sources of data, an integration of the data is needed to be performed. This task is discussed in Sect.  3.2. After the data is computer readable and constitutes an unique source, it usually goes through a cleaning phase where the data inaccuracies are corrected. Section  3.3 focuses in the latter task. Finally, some Data Mining applications involve some particular constraints like ranges for the data features, which may imply the normalization of the features (Sect. 3.4) or the transformation of the features of the data distribution (Sect. 3.5).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Agrawal, R., Srikant, R.: Searching with numbers. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 15(4), 855–870 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Berry, M.J., Linoff, G.: Data Mining Techniques: For Marketing, Sales, and Customer Support. Wiley, New York (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cochinwala, M., Kurien, V., Lalk, G., Shasha, D.: Efficient data reconciliation. Inf. Sci. 137(1–4), 1–15 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Cohen, W.W.: Integration of heterogeneous databases without common domains using queries based on textual similarity. In: Proceedings of the 1998 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data. SIGMOD ’98, pp. 201–212. New York (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Dey, D., Sarkar, S., De, P.: Entity matching in heterogeneous databases: A distance based decision model. In: 31st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS’98), pp. 305–313 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Do, H.H., Rahm, E.: Matching large schemas: approaches and evaluation. Inf. Syst. 32(6), 857–885 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Doan, A., Domingos, P., Halevy, A.Y.: Reconciling schemas of disparate data sources: A machine-learning approach. In: Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, SIGMOD ’01, pp. 509–520 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Doan, A., Domingos, P., Halevy, A.: Learning to match the schemas of data sources: a multistrategy approach. Mach. Learn. 50, 279–301 (2003)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Elmagarmid, A.K., Ipeirotis, P.G., Verykios, V.S.: Duplicate record detection: a survey. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 19(1), 1–16 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Fellegi, I.P., Sunter, A.B.: A theory for record linkage. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 64, 1183–1210 (1969)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Gill, L.E.: OX-LINK: The Oxford medical record linkage system. In: Proceedings of the International Record Linkage Workshop and Exposition, pp. 15–33 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gravano, L., Ipeirotis, P.G., Jagadish, H.V., Koudas, N., Muthukrishnan, S., Pietarinen, L., Srivastava, D.: Using q-grams in a DBMS for approximate string processing. IEEE Data Engineering Bull. 24(4), 28–34 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Guha, S., Koudas, N., Marathe, A., Srivastava, D.: Merging the results of approximate match operations. In: Nascimento, M.A., Zsu, M.T., Kossmann, D., Miller, R.J., Blakeley, J.A., Schiefer, K.B. (eds.) VLDB. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Hall, M., Frank, E., Holmes, G., Pfahringer, B., Reutemann, P., Witten, I.H.: The WEKA data mining software: an update. SIGKDD Explor. Newsl. 11(1), 10–18 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Han, J., Kamber, M., Pei, J.: Data mining: concepts and techniques. The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems, 2nd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hulse, J., Khoshgoftaar, T., Huang, H.: The pairwise attribute noise detection algorithm. Knowl. Inf. Syst. 11(2), 171–190 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jaro, M.A.: Unimatch: A record linkage system: User’s manual. Technical report (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Joachims, T.: Advances in kernel methods. In: Making Large-scale Support Vector Machine Learning Practical, pp. 169–184. MIT Press, Cambridge (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Johnson, R.A., Wichern, D.W.: Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kim, W., Choi, B.J., Hong, E.K., Kim, S.K., Lee, D.: A taxonomy of dirty data. Data Min. Knowl. Disc. 7(1), 81–99 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Koudas, N., Marathe, A., Srivastava, D.: Flexible string matching against large databases in practice. In: Proceedings of the Thirtieth International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, VLDB ’04, vol. 30, pp. 1078–1086. (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kukich, K.: Techniques for automatically correcting words in text. ACM Comput. Surv. 24(4), 377–439 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Levenshtein, V.: Binary codes capable of correcting deletions. Insertions Reversals Sov. Phys. Doklady 163, 845–848 (1965)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Lin, T.Y.: Attribute transformations for data mining I: theoretical explorations. Int. J. Intell. Syst. 17(2), 213–222 (2002)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. McCallum, A., Wellner, B.: Conditional models of identity uncertainty with application to noun coreference. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 17, pp. 905–912. MIT Press, Cambridge (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Monge, A.E., Elkan, C.: The field matching problem: algorithms and applications. In: Simoudis, E., Han, J., Fayyad, U.M. (eds.) Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD-96), pp. 267–270. KDD, Portland, Oregon, USA (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Philips, L.: Hanging on the metaphone. Comput. Lang. Mag. 7(12), 39–44 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Pyle, D.: Data Preparation for Data Mining. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ravikumar, P., Cohen, W.W.: A hierarchical graphical model for record linkage. In: Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, UAI ’04, pp. 454–461 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Refaat, M.: Data Preparation for Data Mining Using SAS. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Ristad, E.S., Yianilos, P.N.: Learning string edit distance. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 20(5), 522–532 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Singla, P., Domingos, P.: Multi-relational record linkage. In: KDD-2004 Workshop on Multi-Relational Data Mining, pp. 31–48 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Verykios, V.S., Elmagarmid, A.K., Houstis, E.N.: Automating the approximate record-matching process. Inf. Sci. 126(1–4), 83–98 (2000)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. Winkler, W.E.: Improved decision rules in the Fellegi-Sunter model of record linkage. Technical report, Statistical Research Division, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Zhang, S., Zhang, C., Yang, Q.: Data preparation for data mining. Appl. Artif. Intell. 17(5–6), 375–381 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Salvador García .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

García, S., Luengo, J., Herrera, F. (2015). Data Preparation Basic Models. In: Data Preprocessing in Data Mining. Intelligent Systems Reference Library, vol 72. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10247-4_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10247-4_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-10246-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-10247-4

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics