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Organic Solar Cells pp 215–275Cite as

Modeling

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Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science ((SSMATERIALS,volume 208))

Abstract

After having discussed general principles of solar energy conversion and the elementary processes in organic solar cells, we focus on modeling and simulation in this chapter. The first part deals with drift-diffusion simulation in general including the Einstein relation. In the second part, specific models for physical processes are discussed, which range from mobility and recombination models to the description of CT states, traps, interface barriers, and a Gaussian-shaped density of states. In a third part, an optical thin-film model based on the transfer-matrix approach is described. The final part contains discussion on exemplary devices visualized by simulation results. Readers, who are not interested in the details of drift-diffusion simulation, can simply skip the technical parts. However, they are encouraged to follow the descriptions of the ideas and models, as almost all analytical approaches to understand the current-voltage relation of organic solar cells are based on special cases of these equations. In particular, this chapter should help the reader to answer the following questions: (a) Which approaches exist to model organic solar cells? (b) What are the main assumptions for a drift-diffusion model? Where are difficulties in applying it to organic solar cells? (c) What are the basic equations and input parameters? (d) Charge carrier mobility and recombination in organic semiconductors: How can they be described? Are they interrelated? (e) What is the role of the contacts—mathematically and physically? (f) Why is the Lambert-Beer law incapable of describing absorption in organic solar cells? What is coherence? (g) What is the basic idea of the transfer-matrix model? (h) What are the different working regimes of a single-carrier device?

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Further Reading

  1. Book on the simulation of semiconductor devices: Selberherr, S.: Analysis and Simulation of Semiconductor Devices. Springer New York Inc., 1984

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  2. Introduction to modeling of organic optoelectronic devices: Walker, A.B., Kambili, A., Martin, S.J.: Electrical transport modelling in organic electroluminescent devices. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 14, 9825–9876 (2002)

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  3. Publication on how to build a solver for a time-dependent drift-diffusion model for OLEDs: Staudigel, J., Stössel, M., Steuber, F., Simmerer, J.: A quantitative numerical model of multilayer vapor-deposited organic light emitting diodes. J. Appl. Phys. 86, 3895–3910 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Publication on the transfer-matrix model applied to organic solar cells: Pettersson, L.A.A., Roman, L.S., Inganäs, O.: Modeling photocurrent action spectra of photovoltaic devices based on organic thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 86, 487–496 (1999)

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  1. Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

    Wolfgang Tress

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Tress, W. (2014). Modeling. In: Organic Solar Cells. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 208. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10097-5_4

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