Abstract
Our research examines the causal relationship between children’s experiences in sports and their subsequent outcomes later on in life. Using the sample of Japanese twins that the authors collected through web-monitoring survey, we will look at the difference in children’s sports experiences at school between twin pairs. Our main research task is to examine, after controlling for the innate ability and family environments where the children were growing up, whether sports can help your life better.
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- 1.
This survey was conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, between 2001 and 2010. This survey targeted all 53,575 newborn babies in Japan born between January 10 and January 17, and between July 10 and July 17, 2001. The respondents were primary caregivers, mostly parents. This data was the mean value between the wave 7 through wave 10 (G1 through G4 students) at the time of the survey.
- 2.
Cramming schools in general are the private educational service which provides the training courses to pass the entrance examinations of high schools or universities.
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- 5.
The correlations for elementary school, middle school, and high school are 0.11, 0.18, and 0.10 with 5 % statistical significance, respectively.
- 6.
This survey asked about earnings during the fiscal year of 2009, instead of 2010, because earnings during the fiscal year of 2010 could have been affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11th, 2011.
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Acknowledgement
We gratefully acknowledge that this research was financially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) titled “The Assessments of the Quality and the Productivity of Non-marketable Services” (Research Representative: Takeshi Hiromatsu, No. 3243044).
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Nakamuro, M., Yamasaki, I., Inui, T. (2015). What Are the Long-term Effects of Extracurricular Sports Activities for Children and Adolescents? Evidence from Japan Using a Nationwide Sample of Twins. In: Lee, Y., Fort, R. (eds) The Sports Business in The Pacific Rim. Sports Economics, Management and Policy, vol 10. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10037-1_16
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