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Posthemorrhagic and Postinflammatory Complications

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Complications of CSF Shunting in Hydrocephalus

Abstract

Although the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) in preterm infants is decreasing, these conditions are still associated with poor neurodevelopmental and functional outcomes. Additionally, with the growing viability of infants born at younger estimated gestational ages (EGAs), these conditions remain significant burdens as IVH severity increases with prematurity. Despite improvements in neonatal care, there still lacks a uniform paradigm for the treatment and management of PHH. Patients with PHH typically are initially treated with a temporizing device that allows for these infants to develop more favorable immunologic and nutritional statuses; a permanent ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is later inserted in cases of persistent ventricular dilation and symptomatic hydrocephalus. This patient population is at high risk for temporizing device and shunt complications, especially shunt obstruction and infection, slit-ventricle syndrome, and the development of loculated hydrocephalus. The impact of these complications on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes is unclear; however, there are few alternative methods to avoid prolonged shunt dependence in these patients.

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  1. Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe St., Phipps 560, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Joanna Y. Wang & Edward S. Ahn MD

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  1. Pediatric Neurosurgery, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy

    Concezio Di Rocco

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Adnan Menderes University School of Medi, Aydin, Turkey

    Mehmet Turgut

  3. Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    George Jallo

  4. Regional Service of Neurosurgery and Unit of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain

    Juan F. Martínez-Lage

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Wang, J.Y., Ahn, E.S. (2015). Posthemorrhagic and Postinflammatory Complications. In: Di Rocco, C., Turgut, M., Jallo, G., Martínez-Lage, J. (eds) Complications of CSF Shunting in Hydrocephalus. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09961-3_10

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