Abstract
High strength steels in concrete structures used as reinforcement are usually passivated due to the physical barrier that concrete provides and by a protective passive film developed on the surface by the high alkaline media. Chloride ions can break the passive film. These ions can be found dissolved in the water or in structures in marine environment.
This work is focused on the study, by Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy (EC-AFM), of the early stages of corrosion of such steels during exposure to a sodium chloride solution in order to better understand the evolution of the dissolution of steel phases. Additionally, it is estimated the corrosion rate by topographical images and simultaneously by means of measuring the corrosion rate through the linear polarization technique performed in an electrochemical cell specially developed in the AFM microscope. The results show the evolution of the topographical profiles which are compared during some period of time with the electrochemical results.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Andrade C (CSIC) (1989) Manual de inspección de obras dañadas por corrosión de armaduras. Madrid
Andrade C, Garcés P, Martínez I (2008) Galvanic currents and corrosion rates of reinforcements measured in cells simulating different pitting areas caused by chloride attack in sodium hydroxide. Corros Sci 50(10):2959–2964
Bertrand G (2000) In-situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy studies of aqueous corrosion and inhibition of copper. J Electroanal Chem 489(1–2):38–45
Cui GF (2006) A single precursor pit for pitting corrosion on defect of tinplate alloy layer visualized by atomic force microscopy. Mater Chem Phys 97(2–3):488–493
Datta J (2008) Role of Cl- and ions on the corrosion behaviour of 20% SiC reinforced 6061-Al metal matrix composite: a correlation between electrochemical studies and atomic force microscopy. Corros Sci 50(9):2658–2668
Galvele JR (1976) Transport processes and the mechanism of pitting of metals. J Electrochem Soc 123(4):464–474
Galvele J (1981) Transport processes in passivity breakdown-II. Full hydrolysis of the metal Ions. Corros Sci 21(8):551–579
Galvele JR (2005) Tafel’s law in pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion susceptibility. Corros Sci 47(12):3053–3067
Gonzalez Fernandez JA (CSIC) (1989) Control de la corrosión. Estudio y medida por técnicas electroquímicas. Madrid
KamachiMudali U, Katada Y (2001) Electrochemical atomic force microscopic studies on passive films of nitrogen-bearing austenitic stainless steels. Electrochimica Acta 46(24–25):3735–3742
Li J, Meier DJ (1998) An AFM study of the properties of passive films on iron surfaces. J Electroanal Chem 454(1–2):53–58
Meira GR (2008) Modelling sea-salt transport and deposition in marine atmosphere zone – a tool for corrosion studies. Corros Sci 50(9):2724–2731
Nagarajan S, Rajendran N (2009) Crevice corrosion behaviour of superaustenitic stainless steels: dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy studies. Corros Sci 51(2):217–224
Nürnberger U (1984) Chloride corrosion of steel in concrete, part 2. Betonwerk Fertigteil-technik 10:697–704
Otero Huertas E (ed), Síntesis SA (2012) Corrosión y degradación de materiales. Madrid
Rongguang W (2004) An AFM and XPS study of corrosion caused by micro-liquid of dilute sulphuric acid on stainless steel. Appl Surf Sci 227(1–4):399–409
Sánchez J (2008) AFM study of the early corrosion of a high strength steel in a diluted sodium chloride solution. Corros Sci 50(7):1820–1824
Singh S (2009) Electrochemically controlled pitting corrosion in Ni film: a study of AFM and neutron reflectometry. Corros Sci 51(3):575–580
Wang R, Kido M (2006) Corrosion behaviours of pure iron beneath a micro-droplet of sulphuric acid solution investigated by atomic force microscopy. ScriptaMaterialia 55(7):633–636
Xu L-C, Chan K-Y, Fang HHP (2002) Application of atomic force microscopy in the study of microbiologically influenced corrosion. Mater Charact 48(2–3):195–203
Yanliang H, Kinsella B, Becker T (2008) Sensitisation identification of stainless steel to intergranular stress corrosion cracking by atomic force microscopy. Mater Lett 62(12–13):1863–1866
Zhang Q (2005) Observation by atomic force microscope of corrosion product during pitting corrosion on SUS304 stainless steel. ScriptaMaterialia 52(3):227–230
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pachón, A., Sánchez, J., Andrade, C., Menéndez, E., Fullea, J. (2015). Cold Drawn Steel Surface Analysis in Contact with Saline Solution: Analysis Using Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy. In: Andrade, C., Gulikers, J., Polder, R. (eds) Durability of Reinforced Concrete from Composition to Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09921-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09921-7_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-09920-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-09921-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)